In the context of the project "Clavius on the Web" a diachronic termino-ontological resource, named CLAVIUS, has been developed, aimed at representing the evolution of astronomical concepts and theories from antiquity until the dawn of the modern age. The resource was built by means of existing tools allowing the scholars to formalize knowledge even though they are not familiar with the models and the languages underlying the representation. More specifically, Protégé , a free open-source ontology editor, which supports OWL (and OWL 2) and Chronos, a plug-in for Protégé to manage temporal aspect, were used. In order to facilitate access for scholars, a demo of a controlled natural language interface was developed to query the ontology. Query templates were created, and each of them is made up of a fixed part that typifies a specific querying model and a variable part that allows the user to select an element of the ontology from the drop-down list. Question templates are processed by the software into SPARQL queries. Queries can be made in controlled natural language by taking into account the lexical level ("What are the relations of a specific term ?"), the ontological level ("What are the relations of a concept denoted by a specific term ?") or both. The questions themselves could involve diachronic aspects, such as in "what relation exists between two concepts in a specific temporal interval?".
Nel contesto del Progetto "Clavius on the Web", è stata sviluppata una risorsa termino-ontologica diacronica, chiamata CLAVIUS, che rappresenta l'evoluzione delle teorie e dei concetti astronomici dall'antichità ad oggi. La risorsa è stata costruita manualmente dall'esperto di dominio, con tools che hanno permesso di formalizzare tale conoscenza astraendo l'esperto dai dettagli del modello e dal linguaggio usato. In particolare è stato utilizzato Protégé, un editor di ontologie free e open-source che supporta OWL (e OWL 2) e Chronos, un plug-in di Protégé per rappresentare aspetti temporali della conoscenza. Per l'accesso alla risorsa è stata sviluppata un'interfaccia in linguaggio naturale controllato. L'interfaccia è basata su una serie di template di domande ognuno dei quali è composto da una parte fissa, che determina il tipo di domanda, e una parte variabile che permette all'utente di selezionare oppurtuni elementi dell'ontologia in base alla richiesta. Tali domande sono poi trasformate dal sistema in query SPARQL e possono prendere in considerazione aspetti lessicali ("Quali sono le relazioni di uno specifico termine ?"), aspetti ontologici ("Quali sono le relazioni di un concetto denotate da uno specifico termine ?") o entrambi. Le domande possono anche riguardare aspetti temporali, come ad esempio "Quali relazioni legano due concetti in uno specifico intervallo temporale ?".
Controlled Natural Language Interface for querying the CLAVIUS resource
Andrea Bellandi
2016
Abstract
In the context of the project "Clavius on the Web" a diachronic termino-ontological resource, named CLAVIUS, has been developed, aimed at representing the evolution of astronomical concepts and theories from antiquity until the dawn of the modern age. The resource was built by means of existing tools allowing the scholars to formalize knowledge even though they are not familiar with the models and the languages underlying the representation. More specifically, Protégé , a free open-source ontology editor, which supports OWL (and OWL 2) and Chronos, a plug-in for Protégé to manage temporal aspect, were used. In order to facilitate access for scholars, a demo of a controlled natural language interface was developed to query the ontology. Query templates were created, and each of them is made up of a fixed part that typifies a specific querying model and a variable part that allows the user to select an element of the ontology from the drop-down list. Question templates are processed by the software into SPARQL queries. Queries can be made in controlled natural language by taking into account the lexical level ("What are the relations of a specific term ?"), the ontological level ("What are the relations of a concept denoted by a specific term ?") or both. The questions themselves could involve diachronic aspects, such as in "what relation exists between two concepts in a specific temporal interval?".I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


