The book introduces plant mechanisms of defense and immunity, focusing on resistance genes. A detailed presentation of NBS-LRR genes is provided, discussing the TNL type and the CNL type, the functions of LRR domain, the TIR domain, and the downstream signaling. Several tables provide an overview of R genes in different plants, with details on rice, wheat/barley/rye, and coffea breeding strategies. Finally, an overview of engineering of R genes and gene pyramiding strategies for durable resistance are provided. Table of content 1. Introduction to plant immunity and susceptibility to biotic stresses 1.1. Plant immunity and Hypersensitive Response (HR) 1.2. Resistance proteins 1.3. MAMP, DAMP, recognition receptors and associated kinases 1.4. Defensive effectors in plant pathogens. Effectors Interfering with plant immunity 1.5. Fungal pathogen effectors. Role of effectors of virulence during plant-pathogen interactions and involvement in tissue invasion 2.1. Fungal proteases/hydrolases and interaction with plant protease inhibitors 2.2. Fungal proteases inhibition in in vitro studies 2.3. Plant proteases 2.4. Fungal proteases/hydrolases and interaction with plant protease inhibitors 2.5. Fungal inhibitors of plant proteases 2.6.. Plant enzymes-fungal inhibitors, fungal enzymes-plant inhibitors interactions 3.1. Perception of ligands, receptor complexes assembly and signaling in PTI/ETI 3.2. Flagellin and elongation factor Tu (tuf) 3.3. PTI/ETI and recognition receptors 4.1. NBS-LRR receptors structure and function 4.2. NBS-LRR structure and biological function 4.2.1. NBS (nucleotide binding site) domain 4.2.2. LRR (leucine-rich repeat) domain 4.2.3. TIR (toll/interleukin 1 receptor) domain 4.2.4. CC (coiled-coil) domain 4.2.5. Integrated domains 4.3. NBS-LRR and pathogen recognition Table 1. 4.4. NBS-LRR gene expression studies 4.5. NBS-LRR gene regulation strategies 4.6. Subcellular localization of NBS-LRR proteins 4.7. NBS-LRR proteins action: Downstream pathways associated 5.1. Resistance (R) protein classification and function machinery in ETI 5.2. Direct recognition. 5.3. Indirect recognition 5.4. Guard/trap/decoy and sensor/executor R protein pairs 5.5. Cross-talk between PTI and ETI Table 2.1.a. Table 2.2.b. Table 2.2.c. Table 3. 6.1. Isolation of rice genes for resistance to rice blast using whole genome sequences 6.2. Three R genes with integrated domains in rice 6.3. Molecular interactions between Magnaporthe oryzae AVR and rice NLR proteins 6.3.1. Interactions between AVR-Pia and Pia 6.3.2. Interactions between AVR-Pik and Pik 6.3.3. Interactions between AVR-Pii and Pii Table 4. 6.4. Perspectives 7. Wheat genomes and Resistance to pathogens. Table 5. 8.1. The case of coffee: Major diseases of coffee and breeding for resistance 8.2. Natural source of resistance to disease 8.3. Breeding for resistance to fungus disease 8.4. CBD caused by Colletotrichum kahawae 8.5. CWD caused by Fusarium. 9.1. Resistance protein engineering: modification of protease recognition sites in R genes 9.2. Engineering TALE binding sites 9.3. Engineering novel resistance proteins by modifying LRR specificity
Resistance genes in plant immunity
Poltronieri P
2022
Abstract
The book introduces plant mechanisms of defense and immunity, focusing on resistance genes. A detailed presentation of NBS-LRR genes is provided, discussing the TNL type and the CNL type, the functions of LRR domain, the TIR domain, and the downstream signaling. Several tables provide an overview of R genes in different plants, with details on rice, wheat/barley/rye, and coffea breeding strategies. Finally, an overview of engineering of R genes and gene pyramiding strategies for durable resistance are provided. Table of content 1. Introduction to plant immunity and susceptibility to biotic stresses 1.1. Plant immunity and Hypersensitive Response (HR) 1.2. Resistance proteins 1.3. MAMP, DAMP, recognition receptors and associated kinases 1.4. Defensive effectors in plant pathogens. Effectors Interfering with plant immunity 1.5. Fungal pathogen effectors. Role of effectors of virulence during plant-pathogen interactions and involvement in tissue invasion 2.1. Fungal proteases/hydrolases and interaction with plant protease inhibitors 2.2. Fungal proteases inhibition in in vitro studies 2.3. Plant proteases 2.4. Fungal proteases/hydrolases and interaction with plant protease inhibitors 2.5. Fungal inhibitors of plant proteases 2.6.. Plant enzymes-fungal inhibitors, fungal enzymes-plant inhibitors interactions 3.1. Perception of ligands, receptor complexes assembly and signaling in PTI/ETI 3.2. Flagellin and elongation factor Tu (tuf) 3.3. PTI/ETI and recognition receptors 4.1. NBS-LRR receptors structure and function 4.2. NBS-LRR structure and biological function 4.2.1. NBS (nucleotide binding site) domain 4.2.2. LRR (leucine-rich repeat) domain 4.2.3. TIR (toll/interleukin 1 receptor) domain 4.2.4. CC (coiled-coil) domain 4.2.5. Integrated domains 4.3. NBS-LRR and pathogen recognition Table 1. 4.4. NBS-LRR gene expression studies 4.5. NBS-LRR gene regulation strategies 4.6. Subcellular localization of NBS-LRR proteins 4.7. NBS-LRR proteins action: Downstream pathways associated 5.1. Resistance (R) protein classification and function machinery in ETI 5.2. Direct recognition. 5.3. Indirect recognition 5.4. Guard/trap/decoy and sensor/executor R protein pairs 5.5. Cross-talk between PTI and ETI Table 2.1.a. Table 2.2.b. Table 2.2.c. Table 3. 6.1. Isolation of rice genes for resistance to rice blast using whole genome sequences 6.2. Three R genes with integrated domains in rice 6.3. Molecular interactions between Magnaporthe oryzae AVR and rice NLR proteins 6.3.1. Interactions between AVR-Pia and Pia 6.3.2. Interactions between AVR-Pik and Pik 6.3.3. Interactions between AVR-Pii and Pii Table 4. 6.4. Perspectives 7. Wheat genomes and Resistance to pathogens. Table 5. 8.1. The case of coffee: Major diseases of coffee and breeding for resistance 8.2. Natural source of resistance to disease 8.3. Breeding for resistance to fungus disease 8.4. CBD caused by Colletotrichum kahawae 8.5. CWD caused by Fusarium. 9.1. Resistance protein engineering: modification of protease recognition sites in R genes 9.2. Engineering TALE binding sites 9.3. Engineering novel resistance proteins by modifying LRR specificityI documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
