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Clustering for Learning from Safety-Related Undesired Events: Application to the Iron and Steel Industry

Safety-related undesired events can cause different kinds of workers' injuries and fatalities. Learning from incidents is a key step in safety risk management, which guides the exploitation of information for implementing effective safety-related decision-making processes. To accelerate the overall process and mitigate the impact of potential human biases, Machine Learning (ML) techniques may be adopted. However, available sources of safety incident reports frequently collect brief unstructur...

MINDFULNESS-BASED PROGRAMS IN PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT: AN EXPLORATORY SCOPING REVIEW

The aim of the present study is to explore, through a scoping review, studies related to mindfulness-based programs delivered in primary schools and the exploration of their effectiveness on levels of mindfulness, social-emotional learning (SEL), well-being, and some specific aspects of executive functions, such as attention and inhibition.

Prompt-based bias control in large language models: a mechanistic analysis

This study investigates the role of prompt design in controlling stereotyped content generation in large language models (LLMs). Specifically, we examine how adding a fairness-oriented request in the prompt instructions influences both the output and internal states of LLMs. Using the StereoSet dataset, we evaluate models from different families (Llama, Gemma, OLMo) with base and fairness-focused prompts. Human evaluations reveal that models exhibit medium levels of stereotyped output by defa...

PSET: a phonetics-semantics evaluation testbed

We introduce the Phonetics-Semantics Evaluation Testbed (PSET), a new English-based testbed to evaluate phonetic embeddings. Our testbed is built on the assumption that phonetic embeddings should always prioritize phonetics over semantics, and it therefore leverages homophones and synonyms.We use PSET to test three phonetic embedding models: articulatory embeddings, Phoneme2Vec, and XPhoneBERT. The phonetic-based embeddings solve the task with varying degrees of success, with Phoneme2Vec perf...

DIFENDERSI DAI PREDATORI. L’EDITORIA PREDATORIA E LE STRATEGIE DI SALVEZZA PER GLI AUTORI

Nel contesto delle pubblicazioni scientifiche dove, oggi più che mai, regna la prassi del «publish or perish», emerge il fenomeno delle riviste predatorie che approfittano della pressione sulla pubblicazione per trarre profitto, spesso operando senza rispettare standard etici. L'editoria predatoria esiste già da molto tempo prima dell'era digitale e non è direttamente legata al modello dell'Open Access, come alcuni erroneamente credono. L’Open Access è, invece, un aiuto e gli autori devono co...

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