Grapevine is one of the most widespread and highly valuable fruit crop. Severe genetic and sanitary protocols are available to improve grapevine performances and to propagate healthy plant material. The detrimental effect of viral infections on vine vegetative behaviour and yield is well known, whereas the infection influence on quality and safety of final products, as well as its interaction with the environment, are still unclear. The project "Tech4wine" involves three Institutes of the Agro-food Department of Italian CNR and four private companies. It is funded by Regione Piemonte to support the production of Piedmont typical wines deriving from Nebbiolo grapes, through an integrated technology platform. The project is aimed to investigate the relationships among virus infection, growing environments, soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and grape and wine quality. Healthy or virus-infected progenies of three Nebbiolo clones in three different environmental conditions were compared. The locations differ mainly in terms of soil texture and pH, slope and site climate. The three diseased clones are infected by Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), and by mixed infection of Grapevine leafroll virus 1 (GLRaV-1) or Grapevine leafroll virus 3 (GLRaV-3) with Grapevine virus A (GVA), respectively. The sanitary status of each plant was checked by ELISA. New primers and TaqMan probes were designed on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene of each virus in order to further evaluate the influence of viral infections, and specific RT-Real time PCR protocols were developed for the quantification of the four grapevine viruses. Preliminary results indicate that the same clone performed differently in terms of vegetative growth, yield, wine and juice quality according to the sanitary status, and in most cases the healthy lines showed better results. Soil samples and roots from the experimental vineyards were analyzed using specific primers to partially amplify the small subunit (SSU) of the ribosomal DNA genes. Phylogenetic analyses highlighted a high rate of species richness, in particular related to the Lessona vineyard. Glomeraceae family resulted to be the most represented phylogenetic group in both compartments (soil and roots), suggesting a correlation between intra and extra radical communities. Results suggested a difference in AMF populations between the experimental sites considered, probably due to the different soil features. As a final step, 2D electrophoresis was used to compare the protein fingerprint of the grape berries under analysis, in order to isolate the most interesting proteins involved in the infection and in adaptation to the environment. The same approach is being used for the characterization of the protein profile of the wine obtained from vines under analysis, in order to assess whether biotic and abiotic stresses have any influence on the risk of allergies to wine.
TECH4WINE: integrated technology platform supporting the quality and safety of Nebbiolo grapes and wines.
Santini D;Giribaldi M;Pacifico D
2009
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the most widespread and highly valuable fruit crop. Severe genetic and sanitary protocols are available to improve grapevine performances and to propagate healthy plant material. The detrimental effect of viral infections on vine vegetative behaviour and yield is well known, whereas the infection influence on quality and safety of final products, as well as its interaction with the environment, are still unclear. The project "Tech4wine" involves three Institutes of the Agro-food Department of Italian CNR and four private companies. It is funded by Regione Piemonte to support the production of Piedmont typical wines deriving from Nebbiolo grapes, through an integrated technology platform. The project is aimed to investigate the relationships among virus infection, growing environments, soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and grape and wine quality. Healthy or virus-infected progenies of three Nebbiolo clones in three different environmental conditions were compared. The locations differ mainly in terms of soil texture and pH, slope and site climate. The three diseased clones are infected by Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), and by mixed infection of Grapevine leafroll virus 1 (GLRaV-1) or Grapevine leafroll virus 3 (GLRaV-3) with Grapevine virus A (GVA), respectively. The sanitary status of each plant was checked by ELISA. New primers and TaqMan probes were designed on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene of each virus in order to further evaluate the influence of viral infections, and specific RT-Real time PCR protocols were developed for the quantification of the four grapevine viruses. Preliminary results indicate that the same clone performed differently in terms of vegetative growth, yield, wine and juice quality according to the sanitary status, and in most cases the healthy lines showed better results. Soil samples and roots from the experimental vineyards were analyzed using specific primers to partially amplify the small subunit (SSU) of the ribosomal DNA genes. Phylogenetic analyses highlighted a high rate of species richness, in particular related to the Lessona vineyard. Glomeraceae family resulted to be the most represented phylogenetic group in both compartments (soil and roots), suggesting a correlation between intra and extra radical communities. Results suggested a difference in AMF populations between the experimental sites considered, probably due to the different soil features. As a final step, 2D electrophoresis was used to compare the protein fingerprint of the grape berries under analysis, in order to isolate the most interesting proteins involved in the infection and in adaptation to the environment. The same approach is being used for the characterization of the protein profile of the wine obtained from vines under analysis, in order to assess whether biotic and abiotic stresses have any influence on the risk of allergies to wine.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
