Abstract. Background. Inflammatory cells are increased in the airways of non-asthmatic endurance athletes without clear evidence of activation. Their role and the mechanisms involved in their recruitment into the airways, however, are still poorly understood. Previous studies suggest that habitual training and exercise duration may be critical factors in determining airway cell counts and composition. Aim. To assess the effects of very prolonged endurance exercise on airway cells we studied a well-trained non-asthmatic amateur swimmer who covered the distance of 34.6 km between Lipari (Eolian Islands) and Capo d'Orlando (Northern coast of Sicily) in 15 hours. Results. Induced sputum, collected at baseline and 12 hours after the trial, showed a very high percentage of neutrophils (98% and 82.5%, respectively). Moreover, eosinophils were slightly increased after the trial, similar to previous data collected in a group of swimmers after a competition in the sea. In peripheral blood, leukocytosis and neutrophilia, release of muscle enzymes and evidence of systemic inflammatory activation were also found. Conclusions. These data confirm that endurance exercise affects both airway and peripheral blood cells, and suggest a modulating role of exercise duration in neutrophil recruitment into the airways.
Riassunto. Premessa. Le vie aeree di atleti endurance a riposo mostrano un aumento delle cellule infiammatorie, senza tuttavia evidenza di attivazione. Il significato fisiologico e i meccanismi responsabili del reclutamento delle cellule infiammatorie nelle vie aeree sono ancora poco chiari. Studi precedenti suggeriscono che l'allenamento abituale e la durata dell'esercizio possono modulare la composizione e la quantità di cellule presenti nelle vie aeree. Scopo. Gli effetti di un esercizio d'endurance molto prolungato sulle cellule delle vie aeree sono stati valutati in un nuotatore amatoriale ben allenato, non-asmatico, che ha percorso la distanza di 34,6 km tra Lipari (Isole Eolie) e Capo D'Orlando (Costa Nord della Sicilia) in 15 ore. Risultati. L'espettorato indotto mostrava una percentuale di neutrofili molto alta sia in condizioni di base che 12 ore dopo la prova (98% e 82.5%, rispettivamente). Inoltre, gli eosinofili erano leggermente aumentati dopo la prova, confermando dati precedenti ottenuti in un gruppo di nuotatori dopo una gara a mare. Il nuoto molto prolungato era anche associato a leucocitosi e neutrofilia del sangue periferico, rilascio di enzimi muscolari ed evidenza di attivazione infiammatoria sistemica. Conclusioni. Questi dati confermano che l'esercizio d'endurance influenza le cellule delle vie aeree e del sangue periferico, e suggeriscono che la durata dell'esercizio possa modulare il reclutamento dei neutrofili nelle vie aeree.
AIRWAY CELLS IN SWIMMERS: A CASE REPORT AND A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Giuseppe Morici;Anna Bonanno;Loredana Riccobono;Mirella Profita;
2007
Abstract
Abstract. Background. Inflammatory cells are increased in the airways of non-asthmatic endurance athletes without clear evidence of activation. Their role and the mechanisms involved in their recruitment into the airways, however, are still poorly understood. Previous studies suggest that habitual training and exercise duration may be critical factors in determining airway cell counts and composition. Aim. To assess the effects of very prolonged endurance exercise on airway cells we studied a well-trained non-asthmatic amateur swimmer who covered the distance of 34.6 km between Lipari (Eolian Islands) and Capo d'Orlando (Northern coast of Sicily) in 15 hours. Results. Induced sputum, collected at baseline and 12 hours after the trial, showed a very high percentage of neutrophils (98% and 82.5%, respectively). Moreover, eosinophils were slightly increased after the trial, similar to previous data collected in a group of swimmers after a competition in the sea. In peripheral blood, leukocytosis and neutrophilia, release of muscle enzymes and evidence of systemic inflammatory activation were also found. Conclusions. These data confirm that endurance exercise affects both airway and peripheral blood cells, and suggest a modulating role of exercise duration in neutrophil recruitment into the airways.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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