Die genetische Struktur der Milchproteine der lokalen Rinderrasse Reggiana, die über bemerkenswerte Eigenschaften der Milchqualität verfügt, wurde analysiert und mit der genetischen Struktur der Rassen Italienische Holsteins und Italienisches Braunvieh verglichen. Es wurden hierbei 1.138 individuelle Milchproben der drei Rassen mit Hilfe der isoelektrischen Fokussierung typisiert. Es konnten Polymorphismen im αS1 -Kasein (CSN1S1), β-Kasein (CSN2), κ-Kasein (CSN3) und β-Lactoglobulin (LGB) dargestellt werden. Bei einigen Kaseinallelen wurden bei der Rasse Reggiana hohe Allelfrequenzen beobachtet (CSN1S1*C, 25%; CSN2*B, 28%), mit erheblichen Unterschieden zu den Allelfrequenzen, die bei einer Untersuchung vor 30 Jahren beobachtet wurden. Eine große Variation zwischen den Rassen wurde für die Kasein-Haplotyp-Frequenzen beobachtet, und ein hohes Kopplungsungleichgewicht wurde an den drei polymorphen Kaseingenorten CSN1S1-CSN2-CSN3 festgestellt. Die häufigsten Haplotypen waren CA2B (23%; Reggiana), BA2B (48%; Italienische Holsteins) und BA2B (51%; Italienisches Braunvieh). Höhere GST Werte wurden dann beobachtet, wenn die Haplotypfrequenzen an Stelle von Genfrequenzen verwendet werden. Bei der Rasse Reggiana erlaubte das Auftreten von zwei Kaseinallelen mit hohen Frequenzen (CSN1S1*C, CSN2*B) das Schätzen der Effekte von seltenen Kaseinhaplotypen auf Milchmerkmale. Der CA2B-Haplotyp war mit einem signifikant höheren Protein- und Fettgehalt assoziiert und auch für den BA2B-Haplotyp konnte ein signifikant höherer relativer Proteingehalt festgestellt werden.
The milk protein genetic structure of the Reggiana dairy local cattle with remarkable milk quality properties was analysed and compared with the structure of Italian Friesian and Italian Brown cattle. A total of 1138 individual milk samples from the three breeds were typed by isoelectrofocusing. Polymorphism was found at the αs1-casein (CSN1S1), β-casein (CSN2), κ-casein (CSN3), and β-lactoglobulin (LGB) loci. High frequencies were observed for some casein alleles in Reggiana (CSN1S1*C, 25%; CSN2*B: 28%) with considerable differences to those observed in a survey carried out 30 years before. A great variation among breeds was observed for casein haplotype frequencies and high linkage disequilibrium was detected at the three polymorphic casein loci CSN1S1-CSN2-CSN3. The prevalent haplotypes were CA2B (23%; Reggiana), BA2A (48%; Italian Friesian) and BA2B (51%; Italian Brown). Higher GST values between breeds were observed when haplotype frequencies were considered instead of gene frequencies. In the Reggiana cattle, the occurrence of two casein alleles at a rather high frequency (CSN1S1*C, CSN2*B) allowed to estimate the effects of rare casein haplotypes on milk traits. The CA2B haplotype was associated with a significantly higher milk protein and fat content and a significantly higher protein per cent was found also for the BA1B haplotype.
Genetic structure of milk protein polymorphisms and effects on milk production traits in a local dairy cattle
Stefania Chessa;Gustavo Gandini
2004
Abstract
The milk protein genetic structure of the Reggiana dairy local cattle with remarkable milk quality properties was analysed and compared with the structure of Italian Friesian and Italian Brown cattle. A total of 1138 individual milk samples from the three breeds were typed by isoelectrofocusing. Polymorphism was found at the αs1-casein (CSN1S1), β-casein (CSN2), κ-casein (CSN3), and β-lactoglobulin (LGB) loci. High frequencies were observed for some casein alleles in Reggiana (CSN1S1*C, 25%; CSN2*B: 28%) with considerable differences to those observed in a survey carried out 30 years before. A great variation among breeds was observed for casein haplotype frequencies and high linkage disequilibrium was detected at the three polymorphic casein loci CSN1S1-CSN2-CSN3. The prevalent haplotypes were CA2B (23%; Reggiana), BA2A (48%; Italian Friesian) and BA2B (51%; Italian Brown). Higher GST values between breeds were observed when haplotype frequencies were considered instead of gene frequencies. In the Reggiana cattle, the occurrence of two casein alleles at a rather high frequency (CSN1S1*C, CSN2*B) allowed to estimate the effects of rare casein haplotypes on milk traits. The CA2B haplotype was associated with a significantly higher milk protein and fat content and a significantly higher protein per cent was found also for the BA1B haplotype.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


