We consider a Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a 'Mexican hat' or sombrero potential, with a quartic minus quadratic radial dependence. We find conditions under which the ground state is annular in shape, with a hole in the center of the condensate. Rotation leads to the appearance of stable multiply quantized vortices, giving rise to a superfluid flow around the ring. The collective modes of the system are explored both numerically and analytically using the Gross-Pitaevskii and hydrodynamic equations. Potential experimental schemes to detect vorticity are proposed and evaluated, which include measuring the splitting of collective-mode frequencies, observing expansion following release from the trap, and probing the momentum distribution of the condensate.
Vortex signatures in annular Bose-Einstein condensates
Stringari S
2006
Abstract
We consider a Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a 'Mexican hat' or sombrero potential, with a quartic minus quadratic radial dependence. We find conditions under which the ground state is annular in shape, with a hole in the center of the condensate. Rotation leads to the appearance of stable multiply quantized vortices, giving rise to a superfluid flow around the ring. The collective modes of the system are explored both numerically and analytically using the Gross-Pitaevskii and hydrodynamic equations. Potential experimental schemes to detect vorticity are proposed and evaluated, which include measuring the splitting of collective-mode frequencies, observing expansion following release from the trap, and probing the momentum distribution of the condensate.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
