Les écosystèmes du bassin méditerranéen sont extrêmement sensibles et vulnérables du fait des caractéristiques spécifiques du climat méditerranéen (variabilité climatique, sécheresse, etc.), et les effets importants des différentes perturbations anthropogéniques (modification d'utilisation du sol, déforestation, pacage, incendies de forêt, etc.). Dans les trois dernières décennies, les incendies ont augmenté, aussi bien sur le plan de leur survenance que du nombre des saisons d'incendie extrêmes; par ailleurs, l'on a observé un nombre de plus en plus grand d'incendies menaçant l'interface péri-urbaine. En Sardaigne, la WUI n'est pas une nouveauté dans le paysage, mais, dans les dernières décennies, les zones pouvant être définies comme étant des interfaces mixtes ou classiques ont augmenté. Ce phénomène est particulièrement évident dans les zones littorales et touristiques où l'on a construit un grand nombre de centres de villégiature sur et au milieu de la végétation méditerranéenne qui est très propice aux incendies. Dans ces situations, le risque correspondant de destruction de villages, centres de villégiature et autres activités humaines est élevé, particulièrement en été, lorsque la présence des personnes est au plus haut et que les conditions météorologiques sont extrêmes. Par conséquent, le développement de politiques de planification est nécessaire pour la mise en oeuvre des stratégies de prévention et de réduction des incendies dans les zones de l'interface péri-urbaine. Les objectifs principaux de ce travail sont: i) l'évaluation de récents changements et des caractéristiques de l'interface péri-urbaine dans une zone touristique au nord-est de la Sardaigne et ii) l'évaluation des changements en termes de risque d'incendie du fait du changement de l'utilisation du sol pendant les cinq dernières décennies. L'étude a été menée dans une zone littorale au nord-est de la Sardaigne, qui s'est caractérisée par un grand développement touristique pendant les trente dernières années. La caractérisation et la cartographie de la WUI ont été faites de 1954 à 2008 en utilisant des paliers temporels d'environ 10 ans. Pour chaque palier temporel, les zones WUI ont été identifiées, classifiées et cartographiées pour analyser et évaluer l'évolution temporelle de leur présence et de leurs propriétés. Les données historiques des incendies de la zone étudiée ont également été collectées et la relation entre le régime d'incendie et les tendances de la zone de la WUI ont été analysées.
The Mediterranean basin ecosystems are extremely sensitive and vulnerable due to the specific characteristics of the Mediterranean climate (climate variability, drought, etc.), and the large effects of different anthropogenic disturbances (modifications of land use, deforestation, grazing, forest fires, etc.). In the last three decades, forest fires showed an increase in both occurrence and number of extreme fire seasons; in addition, an increasing number of fires threatening the wildland-urban interface (WUI) can be observed. In Sardinia, the WUI is not a new feature in the landscape but, in the last decades, the areas that can be defined as classic and mixed interfaces are increasing. This phenomenon is particularly evident in tourist and coastal areas where a large number of resorts are built within and surrounded by Mediterranean vegetation that is highly prone to events of wildfire. In these situations, the related risk of damage for villages, tourist resorts, other human activities and people is elevated especially in summer when the presence of human people is highest and meteorological conditions are extreme. Therefore, the development of planning policies is required in order to implement strategies to prevent and reduce wildfire in wildland-urban interface areas. The main aims of this work are i) to assess recent changes and characteristics of wildland-urban interface in a touristic area of North East Sardinia and ii) to evaluate changes in term of fire risk due to land use change during the last five decades. The study was carried out in a coastal area located in North East Sardinia and characterized by strong touristic development in the last thirty years. The characterization and mapping of the WUI were performed starting from 1954 to 2008 using temporal steps of about 10 years. For each temporal step, WUI areas were identified, classified and mapped in order to analyze and evaluate the temporal evolution of their presence and properties. Fire history data relative to study area were also collected and relationships between fire regime and WUI area trends were analyzed. This work is supported by FUME Project- Forest fires under climate, social and economic changes in Europe, the Mediterranean and other fire-affected areas of the world- European Commission FP7-ENV-2009-1, Grant Agreement Number 243888.
Wildland-urban interface dynamics during the last 50 years in North East Sardinia
Pellizzaro G;Arca B;Pintus GV;Ferrara R;Duce P
2011
Abstract
The Mediterranean basin ecosystems are extremely sensitive and vulnerable due to the specific characteristics of the Mediterranean climate (climate variability, drought, etc.), and the large effects of different anthropogenic disturbances (modifications of land use, deforestation, grazing, forest fires, etc.). In the last three decades, forest fires showed an increase in both occurrence and number of extreme fire seasons; in addition, an increasing number of fires threatening the wildland-urban interface (WUI) can be observed. In Sardinia, the WUI is not a new feature in the landscape but, in the last decades, the areas that can be defined as classic and mixed interfaces are increasing. This phenomenon is particularly evident in tourist and coastal areas where a large number of resorts are built within and surrounded by Mediterranean vegetation that is highly prone to events of wildfire. In these situations, the related risk of damage for villages, tourist resorts, other human activities and people is elevated especially in summer when the presence of human people is highest and meteorological conditions are extreme. Therefore, the development of planning policies is required in order to implement strategies to prevent and reduce wildfire in wildland-urban interface areas. The main aims of this work are i) to assess recent changes and characteristics of wildland-urban interface in a touristic area of North East Sardinia and ii) to evaluate changes in term of fire risk due to land use change during the last five decades. The study was carried out in a coastal area located in North East Sardinia and characterized by strong touristic development in the last thirty years. The characterization and mapping of the WUI were performed starting from 1954 to 2008 using temporal steps of about 10 years. For each temporal step, WUI areas were identified, classified and mapped in order to analyze and evaluate the temporal evolution of their presence and properties. Fire history data relative to study area were also collected and relationships between fire regime and WUI area trends were analyzed. This work is supported by FUME Project- Forest fires under climate, social and economic changes in Europe, the Mediterranean and other fire-affected areas of the world- European Commission FP7-ENV-2009-1, Grant Agreement Number 243888.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
