Knowledge networks as the nouvel milieu of biotechnology firms in peripheral regions.

The aim of this paper is to increase our understanding of biotechnology knowledge networks in peripheral regions through a detailed case study of the Campania region in Southern Italy. Previous research has linked new development trajectories, learning systems and policy mechanisms that might open opportunities for less-favoured regions. The persistent lagging behind that affects the Campania industrial system is fuelling debate on the effectiveness of the local system's exploitation of public aid. Our analysis addresses the question of whether effective biotechnology knowledge networks exist in Campania and, if so, whether a better understanding of their structure and modes of formation would make them more aligned to EU policy. We explore the local multiple biotech knowledge networks using experimental indicators and Social Network Analysis. The empirical bases for our analyses derive from historical documents, statistical data and in-depth interviews with key individuals in public and private organizations. The Campania case highlights the existence of effective and dense biotechnology knowledge network in the area of public basic research and a strong centrality of the external academic research groups.