Between the middle of the 4th and the 1st centuries BCE Sardinia is again a vibrant theatre of cultural interactions. At that time local (Indigenous and Phoenician), Punic, North-African and Italic communities experience deep contacts and interrelations, drawing a new historical panorama. One of the main markers of such a frame is represented by the reach production of small and variegated figurines in terracotta, the several typologies and figurative languages of which show phenomena of cultural meeting, superimposition and preservation of autonomy. Particularly meaningful is the group of the so-called "suffering faithful" (III-I centuries BCE) coming from the temple "of Bes" in Bitia (south-western Sardinia): part of a long Oriental tradition and almost surely connected to cult practices of healing, they belong to a context characterized by the relation between different cultural components since the origins of the Phoenician settlement. This paper aims at the re-reading of the temple history and functions, in order to highlight some new elements of the figurines' meaning and symbolism.
Tra la metà del IV e il I sec. a.C. la Sardegna è nuovamente sede di un articolato sistema di interazioni culturali. Componenti di tradizione locale (indigena e fenicia), puniche, nord-africane e italiche sperimentano profondi contatti, disegnando un nuovo panorama storico. Uno degli indicatori più evidenti di un simile quadro è rappresentato dalla ricca e variegata produzione di figurine in terracotta, i cui multiformi linguaggi figurativi e le diverse tipologie si mostrano espressione di complessi processi di incontro culturale, di sovrapposizione e di mantenimento delle autonomie. Particolarmente significativo è il gruppo dei c.d. "fedeli sofferenti" (III-I sec. a.C.) proveniente dal tempio "di Bes" a Bitia (Sardegna sud-occidentale): parte di una lunga tradizione orientale e quasi certamente connesse a culti di guarigione, le statuette appartengono a un contesto caratterizzato, fin dalle sue origini, dalla confluenza di componenti culturali differenti. Il presente contributo ha quindi l'obiettivo di rileggere la storia del tempio e le sue funzioni, cercando così di mettere in evidenza nuovi elementi relativi al significato e alla simbologia delle figurine votive.
Il tempio di 'Bes' e i 'devoti sofferenti' di Bitia. Memorie locali e attualità del culto
Giuseppe Garbati
2014
Abstract
Between the middle of the 4th and the 1st centuries BCE Sardinia is again a vibrant theatre of cultural interactions. At that time local (Indigenous and Phoenician), Punic, North-African and Italic communities experience deep contacts and interrelations, drawing a new historical panorama. One of the main markers of such a frame is represented by the reach production of small and variegated figurines in terracotta, the several typologies and figurative languages of which show phenomena of cultural meeting, superimposition and preservation of autonomy. Particularly meaningful is the group of the so-called "suffering faithful" (III-I centuries BCE) coming from the temple "of Bes" in Bitia (south-western Sardinia): part of a long Oriental tradition and almost surely connected to cult practices of healing, they belong to a context characterized by the relation between different cultural components since the origins of the Phoenician settlement. This paper aims at the re-reading of the temple history and functions, in order to highlight some new elements of the figurines' meaning and symbolism.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


