Le politiche energetiche per il futuro delle città Europee

The paper examines the main challenges of research and innovation in the energy sector at European level. In particular, it outlined the complex interaction between the development of the energy system, the development of the concepts of smart city and intelligent transport. In addition the paper examines the main road map of previously cited of areas such as those of the SET-Plan, the Strategic Research Agenda of the European Technology Platform "Smart Grids" and the Transport Technology Plan; It also outlines the interactions of different road maps with the future calls of Horizon 2020. The actions proposed in the various sector have are aimed at the development of a complex energy system that, through a combination of innovative energy technologies, enabling the end user to become founding element of the future transformation of the national and European electricity system. The system as a whole, constituted by generation systems (from traditional and renewable sources), systems of electric storage and management systems of energy flows, must be able to optimize the operation of maximizing efficiency and minimizing the environmental impact and management costs. Also the energy efficiency in the transport sector has an important role to play in achieving the EU policy objectives of reduction energy consumption as well as how best to implement the concept of the smart city. At this regard, it should be noted that the penetration in the automotive market of electric vehicles and hybrid plug-in is affected by several enabling factors. The main important constraint is the availability of a widespread charging infrastructure, with easy access in both public that private sectors.