The impact of signal double Rayleigh scattering (DRS) noise in time-division multiplexed counterpropagating Raman pumping schemes is theoretically and experimentally investigated. We show that, for small pump modulation duty cycles, DRS noise can be greatly enhanced with respect to continuous-wave pumping. By increasing the pump modulation frequency, however, this detrimental effect is effectively reduced, providing a powerful technique for noise figure equalization and pump four-wave mixing suppression in large bandwidth discrete and distributed amplifiers.
Double Rayleigh scattering noise in Raman amplifiers using pump time-division-multiplexing schemes
Bolognini Gabriele;
2004
Abstract
The impact of signal double Rayleigh scattering (DRS) noise in time-division multiplexed counterpropagating Raman pumping schemes is theoretically and experimentally investigated. We show that, for small pump modulation duty cycles, DRS noise can be greatly enhanced with respect to continuous-wave pumping. By increasing the pump modulation frequency, however, this detrimental effect is effectively reduced, providing a powerful technique for noise figure equalization and pump four-wave mixing suppression in large bandwidth discrete and distributed amplifiers.File in questo prodotto:
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