The process of urban renewal, underway for about twenty years in Europe, concerns areas abandoned by productive activities that therefore host residential, commercial, cultural and service functions. The complexities of projects that are to be implemented require a strong integration between the different modes of implementation. In place of Brownfield are built new public spaces that enhance or create new urban landscapes, and allow the re-appropriation of the city by residents (Landy, 2000, OECD 2006 Zukin, 1995). Through these processes, the cities are trying to overcome the challenge of competitiveness, by creating attractive environments that are able to set up new economies (Charter, 2007; Florida 2005; Guala, 2002). Certain European examples are significant and it is possible to draw lessons and good practice, and although still ongoing, it is possible to identify key issues and critical aspects (Sepe, 2009; Sepe 2010). Like French cities that pay attention on sustainability, participation and public-private partnership, as key elements of regeneration that is not only urban, but also economic and social (Martone, Sepe, 2011). The sustainable approach to urban renewal is increasingly pressing; given the progressive depletion of energy resources and the need to limit both the environmental impacts and the land use to protect the environment. In this scenario, the large cities of Eastern Europe, mainly after 1989, had to face the problems of territorial re-industrialization and economic restructuring, which led to migration flows and expansion of city into the surrounding countryside (Frantal, Greer-Wootten, Klusácek, Krejcí, Kunc, Martinát, 2015; Haase, Steinführer, Kabisch, Grossman, & Hall, 2011; Hutton, 2010). Particularly the experience of Budapest is characterized by an urban context typical of Central and Eastern Europe, where is strong the interaction with the housing policy; the urban regeneration was at first restricted to the physical restoration, and only later on involved the social and environmental aspect (ANAH, 2009). The paper shows the case of urban transformation underway in Budapest, the most cosmopolitan and open among the capitals of Central-Eastern Europe, which like other socialist city has undergone great changes, overwhelmed by the market economy and by the values of consumer society. The rational socialist planning for over 40 years had run the city according to a strict separation of centralized functions, in just ten years assumed the characteristics of global society, with a new economy, with major transformations of the organization, the structure and the urban space. The urban gardens are replaced by luxury condominiums, instead of the old floating houses there are river marinas, parks and trendy bars, while in the crumbling houses are opening Ruin Bar (Borja, 2003; C. Matteucci, 2010). The main project concerns the eighth district of Józsefváros, one of the most deprived of the old town, whose plan of development and recovery in 1997 has been entrusted to architect Gyorgy Alfoldi (Baratta A.F.L.), inside is the area Corvin-Szigony with in northeast, decentralized residential poles made with prefabricated systems of poor quality. At the end of the soviet influence, administrative decentralization and privatization have encouraged the inflow of foreign capital in the operations of redevelopment and new construction (Zetti, I., 2002). Such transformation is achieved through a range of urban projects and financial resources aimed at redesigning the identity of the places linked to the Danube (Clark, G., 2009). The commitment of Budapest to face the global crisis is evident in the long-term development plan Budapest 2030, that pay attention to the social, ecological and economic issues, as to problems related to energy and climate change adaptation (Buzási A. , 2014). A good example are the projects of energy sustainability that are aimed to reduce energy consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases, but also to re-organize and revitalize the city's economy, its infrastructure and daily life.
Sustainability, housing policies and PPP: the urban regeneration of Budapest
Martone A;Sepe M
2015
Abstract
The process of urban renewal, underway for about twenty years in Europe, concerns areas abandoned by productive activities that therefore host residential, commercial, cultural and service functions. The complexities of projects that are to be implemented require a strong integration between the different modes of implementation. In place of Brownfield are built new public spaces that enhance or create new urban landscapes, and allow the re-appropriation of the city by residents (Landy, 2000, OECD 2006 Zukin, 1995). Through these processes, the cities are trying to overcome the challenge of competitiveness, by creating attractive environments that are able to set up new economies (Charter, 2007; Florida 2005; Guala, 2002). Certain European examples are significant and it is possible to draw lessons and good practice, and although still ongoing, it is possible to identify key issues and critical aspects (Sepe, 2009; Sepe 2010). Like French cities that pay attention on sustainability, participation and public-private partnership, as key elements of regeneration that is not only urban, but also economic and social (Martone, Sepe, 2011). The sustainable approach to urban renewal is increasingly pressing; given the progressive depletion of energy resources and the need to limit both the environmental impacts and the land use to protect the environment. In this scenario, the large cities of Eastern Europe, mainly after 1989, had to face the problems of territorial re-industrialization and economic restructuring, which led to migration flows and expansion of city into the surrounding countryside (Frantal, Greer-Wootten, Klusácek, Krejcí, Kunc, Martinát, 2015; Haase, Steinführer, Kabisch, Grossman, & Hall, 2011; Hutton, 2010). Particularly the experience of Budapest is characterized by an urban context typical of Central and Eastern Europe, where is strong the interaction with the housing policy; the urban regeneration was at first restricted to the physical restoration, and only later on involved the social and environmental aspect (ANAH, 2009). The paper shows the case of urban transformation underway in Budapest, the most cosmopolitan and open among the capitals of Central-Eastern Europe, which like other socialist city has undergone great changes, overwhelmed by the market economy and by the values of consumer society. The rational socialist planning for over 40 years had run the city according to a strict separation of centralized functions, in just ten years assumed the characteristics of global society, with a new economy, with major transformations of the organization, the structure and the urban space. The urban gardens are replaced by luxury condominiums, instead of the old floating houses there are river marinas, parks and trendy bars, while in the crumbling houses are opening Ruin Bar (Borja, 2003; C. Matteucci, 2010). The main project concerns the eighth district of Józsefváros, one of the most deprived of the old town, whose plan of development and recovery in 1997 has been entrusted to architect Gyorgy Alfoldi (Baratta A.F.L.), inside is the area Corvin-Szigony with in northeast, decentralized residential poles made with prefabricated systems of poor quality. At the end of the soviet influence, administrative decentralization and privatization have encouraged the inflow of foreign capital in the operations of redevelopment and new construction (Zetti, I., 2002). Such transformation is achieved through a range of urban projects and financial resources aimed at redesigning the identity of the places linked to the Danube (Clark, G., 2009). The commitment of Budapest to face the global crisis is evident in the long-term development plan Budapest 2030, that pay attention to the social, ecological and economic issues, as to problems related to energy and climate change adaptation (Buzási A. , 2014). A good example are the projects of energy sustainability that are aimed to reduce energy consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases, but also to re-organize and revitalize the city's economy, its infrastructure and daily life.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
