Recently, global traceability of mercury has been addressed with a network approach using automated and/or semiautomated systems for its sampling and detection in air and/or wet deposition based on commonly used analytical procedures for the determination of mercury in precipitation in global network. These latter require significant running costs for sampling and shipping samples to the reference laboratories, especially in remote regions such as Antarctica or in underdeveloped areas that do not have basic infrastructures. The sustainability of global scale monitoring networks for measuring mercury in air or precipitation samples depends on the development of advanced online (bio)sensors capable to quantify total mercury or even better speciated mercury concentrations. These advanced sensors should be robust, traceable and do not require gas carrier, significant energy supply and highly qualified technical expertise. Taking into consideration all the above, preliminary results on several sensors based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for mercury speciation in air or wet deposition are reported: 1) Hg(I) and Hg(II) from wet deposition are electrochemically reduced to Hg(0) and deposed on a gold microelectrode. 2) Similarly Hg(0) from air spontaneously reacts on gold electrode to create amalgam. 3) Hg(II) selectively reacts with oligonucleotides (12 bases) made of thymine. EIS, a powerful and sensitive technique, allows querying the electrode surface. 4) Hg(II) ions specifically interact with limonene based polymers. After EIS measurement Hg(0) can be easily removed from the gold surface by electrochemical oxidation and Hg(II) with imidazole. Minimal volumes (600 nanoL) and surfaces play a role in sensors performances. High sensitivity, L.o.d.= 0.06 ppq, L.o.q.=0.10 ppq and a sampling rate from 3 to 12 samples/h have been obtained.
Attempting to highly sensitive impedimetric sensors and biosensors for mercury speciation in air and in wet deposition
2016
Abstract
Recently, global traceability of mercury has been addressed with a network approach using automated and/or semiautomated systems for its sampling and detection in air and/or wet deposition based on commonly used analytical procedures for the determination of mercury in precipitation in global network. These latter require significant running costs for sampling and shipping samples to the reference laboratories, especially in remote regions such as Antarctica or in underdeveloped areas that do not have basic infrastructures. The sustainability of global scale monitoring networks for measuring mercury in air or precipitation samples depends on the development of advanced online (bio)sensors capable to quantify total mercury or even better speciated mercury concentrations. These advanced sensors should be robust, traceable and do not require gas carrier, significant energy supply and highly qualified technical expertise. Taking into consideration all the above, preliminary results on several sensors based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for mercury speciation in air or wet deposition are reported: 1) Hg(I) and Hg(II) from wet deposition are electrochemically reduced to Hg(0) and deposed on a gold microelectrode. 2) Similarly Hg(0) from air spontaneously reacts on gold electrode to create amalgam. 3) Hg(II) selectively reacts with oligonucleotides (12 bases) made of thymine. EIS, a powerful and sensitive technique, allows querying the electrode surface. 4) Hg(II) ions specifically interact with limonene based polymers. After EIS measurement Hg(0) can be easily removed from the gold surface by electrochemical oxidation and Hg(II) with imidazole. Minimal volumes (600 nanoL) and surfaces play a role in sensors performances. High sensitivity, L.o.d.= 0.06 ppq, L.o.q.=0.10 ppq and a sampling rate from 3 to 12 samples/h have been obtained.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.