Background: There are limited data concerning symptoms and comorbidities in mild obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients. Aims and Objectives: To explore clinical phenotypes of mild OSA patients and their possible association with comorbidities. Methods: A prospective follow-up cohort of 3947 adult patients with mild OSA [apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) of 5-15/h] from the ESADA study was divided into four clinical phenotypes based on the presence of excessive daytime sleepiness(EDS) and/or symptoms and signs of insomnia): 1)EDS (daytime+/nighttime-), 2) EDS/insomnia (daytime+/nighttime+), 3) non-EDS/non insomnia (daytime-/nighttime-), 4) and insomnia (daytime-/nighttime+) phenotype. Results: The distribution of the four phenotypes were 18.9, 26.5, 19.1 and 35.5%, respectively. Sleep apnea severity expressed as AHI or the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) did not differ significantly between groups. The insomnia phenotype patients were older (p<0.001), more frequently female (p<0.05) and current smokers. Additionally, cardiovascular comorbidity was more common in the insomnia phenotype compared with the EDS and EDS-insomnia phenotypes (56.8 vs 48.9 and 41.5%, p=0.022 and p=0.01 respectively). Metabolic, pulmonary and psychiatric comorbidities were more prevalent in the insomnia phenotype (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a phenotype characterized by symptoms and/or signs of insomnia, accounts for a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic disease among patients with mild OSA.
Prevalence and characteristics of insomnia phenotype in mild sleep apnoea patients from the ESADA study population
O Marrone;
2017
Abstract
Background: There are limited data concerning symptoms and comorbidities in mild obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients. Aims and Objectives: To explore clinical phenotypes of mild OSA patients and their possible association with comorbidities. Methods: A prospective follow-up cohort of 3947 adult patients with mild OSA [apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) of 5-15/h] from the ESADA study was divided into four clinical phenotypes based on the presence of excessive daytime sleepiness(EDS) and/or symptoms and signs of insomnia): 1)EDS (daytime+/nighttime-), 2) EDS/insomnia (daytime+/nighttime+), 3) non-EDS/non insomnia (daytime-/nighttime-), 4) and insomnia (daytime-/nighttime+) phenotype. Results: The distribution of the four phenotypes were 18.9, 26.5, 19.1 and 35.5%, respectively. Sleep apnea severity expressed as AHI or the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) did not differ significantly between groups. The insomnia phenotype patients were older (p<0.001), more frequently female (p<0.05) and current smokers. Additionally, cardiovascular comorbidity was more common in the insomnia phenotype compared with the EDS and EDS-insomnia phenotypes (56.8 vs 48.9 and 41.5%, p=0.022 and p=0.01 respectively). Metabolic, pulmonary and psychiatric comorbidities were more prevalent in the insomnia phenotype (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a phenotype characterized by symptoms and/or signs of insomnia, accounts for a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic disease among patients with mild OSA.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
