Aging population has been recognized as a global phenomenon around the world. While the rate of aging population is growing globally, still the more economically developed countries move at an accelerated pace compared to less economically developed countries. As a consequence of life expectancy, the population of people aged 60 or above reached to 700 million in 2006 and it's expected to surpass 2 billion by 2050 [1]. Having the life expectancy of 81.77 years, Italy has been ranked as the 7th country in terms of life expectancy [2]. In 2010 around 20% of Italian population aged over 60. It is expected that this amount reach 35% in 2030 and around 39% in 2050 [3]. The growing trend of aging population impose further pressure on healthcare systems to provide satisfactory health service to a higher number of elderly people in order to increase their quality of life. This includes not only the quality of medical services offered to aging population but also the quality of medical devices. Rapid technological improvement in recent years enabled healthcare service providers to deliver customized services to pa-tients based on their individual needs. An important part of personalized services related to usage of personalized medical devices such as personalized prosthesis, stents, organs, etc. Thanks to individualized characteristics and features of these devices that have been designed based on every patient's needs, application of customized medical devices results in a better function and consequently a better quality of life for patients. Moreover it can save cost for healthcare providers due to faster recovery and shorter follow post-surgery follow-ups. The emerging innovative manufacturing technologies facilitate development and production of customized medical products. Thanks to new technologies such as additive technologies (3D printing), micro-manufacturing technologies (micro-injection moulding, micro-machining, etc.) fabrication of personalized medical devices has become a faster and more efficient process. Moreover, thanks to the small dimensions of these equipment (i.e. Desktop 3D printers) production can shift to downstream meaning inside or in proximity of hospitals through establishment of micro-factories. Accordingly the role of hospital will be changed from an end-user to a producer of personalized medical devices. In the other words, the hospital would extend its core business from a healthcare service provider to a healthcare product manufacturer and service provider. Accordingly, a new busi-ness model is required to facilitate and support such a shift by focusing on both product and service perspectives and hence taking into account an integrated product-service system approach. Evolution of the concept of product service systems (PSS) in recent years, has opened up new opportunities for manufacturing firms to apply it as a viable strategy and design new business models to benefit the potentialities of product service systems. In such a circumstances, manufacturers can deal with trends such as economic volatility, globalization, customers demands for differentiated and individualized value propositions and increasing awareness of sustainability. Considering the above mentioned issues, product service systems can act as a beneficial strategy for producers of medical devices and hospitals in order to deploy new technologies for fabrication of personalized medical devices. This chapter discusses innovative product-service business models based on customized manufacturing of medical products exploiting the potential of innovative technologies and the exchange of innovative products-services between the hospital (as the manufacturer) and the machinery producers (as the supplier). A structured business model design approach is presented, enabling the generation of different alternatives through different configurations of business model building blocks. Each alternative differs from another in terms of level of servitization and intensity of the relationship between customer and supplier. Eventually the best-fit business model can be generated and implemented by the hospital, based on the potential benefits and challenges that each alternative entails. The latter aspect will be also covered in the chapter through having a deeper look on pros and cons of each business model alternative.
A new perspective of product-service business models for customized manufacturing in healthcare
Copani G
2016
Abstract
Aging population has been recognized as a global phenomenon around the world. While the rate of aging population is growing globally, still the more economically developed countries move at an accelerated pace compared to less economically developed countries. As a consequence of life expectancy, the population of people aged 60 or above reached to 700 million in 2006 and it's expected to surpass 2 billion by 2050 [1]. Having the life expectancy of 81.77 years, Italy has been ranked as the 7th country in terms of life expectancy [2]. In 2010 around 20% of Italian population aged over 60. It is expected that this amount reach 35% in 2030 and around 39% in 2050 [3]. The growing trend of aging population impose further pressure on healthcare systems to provide satisfactory health service to a higher number of elderly people in order to increase their quality of life. This includes not only the quality of medical services offered to aging population but also the quality of medical devices. Rapid technological improvement in recent years enabled healthcare service providers to deliver customized services to pa-tients based on their individual needs. An important part of personalized services related to usage of personalized medical devices such as personalized prosthesis, stents, organs, etc. Thanks to individualized characteristics and features of these devices that have been designed based on every patient's needs, application of customized medical devices results in a better function and consequently a better quality of life for patients. Moreover it can save cost for healthcare providers due to faster recovery and shorter follow post-surgery follow-ups. The emerging innovative manufacturing technologies facilitate development and production of customized medical products. Thanks to new technologies such as additive technologies (3D printing), micro-manufacturing technologies (micro-injection moulding, micro-machining, etc.) fabrication of personalized medical devices has become a faster and more efficient process. Moreover, thanks to the small dimensions of these equipment (i.e. Desktop 3D printers) production can shift to downstream meaning inside or in proximity of hospitals through establishment of micro-factories. Accordingly the role of hospital will be changed from an end-user to a producer of personalized medical devices. In the other words, the hospital would extend its core business from a healthcare service provider to a healthcare product manufacturer and service provider. Accordingly, a new busi-ness model is required to facilitate and support such a shift by focusing on both product and service perspectives and hence taking into account an integrated product-service system approach. Evolution of the concept of product service systems (PSS) in recent years, has opened up new opportunities for manufacturing firms to apply it as a viable strategy and design new business models to benefit the potentialities of product service systems. In such a circumstances, manufacturers can deal with trends such as economic volatility, globalization, customers demands for differentiated and individualized value propositions and increasing awareness of sustainability. Considering the above mentioned issues, product service systems can act as a beneficial strategy for producers of medical devices and hospitals in order to deploy new technologies for fabrication of personalized medical devices. This chapter discusses innovative product-service business models based on customized manufacturing of medical products exploiting the potential of innovative technologies and the exchange of innovative products-services between the hospital (as the manufacturer) and the machinery producers (as the supplier). A structured business model design approach is presented, enabling the generation of different alternatives through different configurations of business model building blocks. Each alternative differs from another in terms of level of servitization and intensity of the relationship between customer and supplier. Eventually the best-fit business model can be generated and implemented by the hospital, based on the potential benefits and challenges that each alternative entails. The latter aspect will be also covered in the chapter through having a deeper look on pros and cons of each business model alternative.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
