Electrodeposition of compact and porous Cu-Pd alloy layers and their application to nitrate reduction in alkali

Compact Cu-Pd alloys of compositions extending over the entire range are deposited at low overpotentials, from acidic sulphate/perchlorate baths of the two metal ions. XRD data show a lattice parameter following Vegard's law. Porous alloy layers can be deposited from acidic chloride baths under large current densities causing vigorous hydrogen evolution. Good deposits with regular morphology are obtained only from Cu-rich baths, and for Pd contents up to ca 33 at%. XRD investigations indicate a biphasic structure, made of pure Cu and a Cu17Pd83 phase, in variable ratios depending on composition. Single phase porous Cu-Pd materials are obtained by prolonged galvanic displacement of porous Cu layers. Selected electrode materials are tested in the nitrate reduction in alkaline media, comparing the effects of composition and surface area.