Caving Activities As A Support For The Analysis Of Natural And Anthropogenic Disasters

Geological hazards (or geo-hazards) pose a serious threat to the built-up environment, and are the cause of severe damage and economic losses to society, especially when involving the underground setting. The final phase of evolution of instability processes may be very rapid, if not catastrophic, often resulting in casualties. In karst, the main geo-hazard is represented by sinkholes, involving both natural caves and man-made cavities. Studies on sinkholes, which necessarily have to include underground surveys, are typically performed by scientist-cavers, or by cavers acting in support of the scientists. The role of cavers is crucial, since they are able to evaluate the situations of danger existing underground, and to reach sites where non-cavers are not able to go. This allows cavers to collect a fundamental documentation of what is happening underground, which must be taken into account by authorities and people in charge of land management and planning. Starting from several case studies and experiences in southern Italy, this contribution intends to highlight the role of cavers as support for the analysis of natural and anthropogenic disasters; the goal is also to stimulate discussions about role, duties and responsibilities of caving associations when dealing with civil protection issues.