A study of the historic-rural landscape and fluvial evnvironment of the Basilicata (southern Italy) has been carried out by analysis and intepretation of the cartographic, bibliographic and archive sources. Water-mills data have been organized in a GIS database, thanks to the study of a lot of ancient and modern cartographies. Different water-mills, which were very important for the rural economy, until the 20th century, were powered by water to grinding grain and to fulling wool fibres (waulking mills). Most watermills were usually placed along the slope of V-shaped valley, far away from the main roads, but at the same time, they entailed a change to in the local river dynamics due to the deviation of the watercourse. Among all the cartographies considered, in this paper we discuss about the Hydrographic Map of the Italian Kingdom, published in 1890s, the most complete, "recent" and not much studied document about watermills. All the data, that are collected in a relation associated to the Hydrographic Map of the Italian Kingdom, have been discussed, enphasizing errors to be taken into account.
Lo studio del paesaggio storico-rurale e dei relativi contesti fluviali della Basilicata è stato condotto attraverso l'analisi e l'interpretazione di fonti cartografiche e documentarie. Un'approfondita analisi della cartografia storica e recente ha permesso di geolocalizzare gli opifici idraulici storici sul territorio regionale. Tali opifici, che caratterizzavano l'economia della regione fino al primo ventennio del XX secolo, sfruttavano l'energia idrica principalmente per la macinatura dei cereali e per la battitura della lana (gualchiere). La maggior parte di essi erano localizzati nei valloni, distanti dalle strade principali, ma nel contempo comportavano una modifica nella dinamica fluviale locale dovuta alla deviazione del corso d'acqua. Tra tutte le fonti cartografiche studiate, in questo contributo viene discusso l'utilizzo della Carta Idrografica del Regno di Italia, la più completa, "recente" e poco studiata testimonianza grafica sul tema, mettendo in luce i punti di forza e di debolezza, di cui tener presente nell'utilizzo dei numerosi dati che essa offre, soprattutto nelle relazioni tecniche allegate
Fonti cartografiche per l'analisi del paesaggio fluviale e dei mulini ad acqua in Basilicata: criticità e vantaggi della Carta Idrografica del Regno d'Italia = Cartographic sources for analysis of the fluvial landscape and watermills in Basilicata: a critical review of the Hydrographic Map of the Italian Kingdom
Grano;Maria Carmela
2016
Abstract
A study of the historic-rural landscape and fluvial evnvironment of the Basilicata (southern Italy) has been carried out by analysis and intepretation of the cartographic, bibliographic and archive sources. Water-mills data have been organized in a GIS database, thanks to the study of a lot of ancient and modern cartographies. Different water-mills, which were very important for the rural economy, until the 20th century, were powered by water to grinding grain and to fulling wool fibres (waulking mills). Most watermills were usually placed along the slope of V-shaped valley, far away from the main roads, but at the same time, they entailed a change to in the local river dynamics due to the deviation of the watercourse. Among all the cartographies considered, in this paper we discuss about the Hydrographic Map of the Italian Kingdom, published in 1890s, the most complete, "recent" and not much studied document about watermills. All the data, that are collected in a relation associated to the Hydrographic Map of the Italian Kingdom, have been discussed, enphasizing errors to be taken into account.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.