A plant virus infection results from a complex molecular and physiological interplay with the host. In light of this, the impact of the phloem-limited virus Grapevine virus B (GVB) on the Vitis vinifera wine-red cultivar 'Albarossa' was analyzed in field conditions. Although not particularly widespread in grapevine, GVB is closely associated with the Corky bark disorder, it is generally considered harmful and it potentially affects graft unions. This study was carried out by combining agronomical, molecular, biochemical and ecophysiological approaches. The obtained data showed that GVB did not induce symptoms on 'Albarossa', but it rather affected the ecophysiological performances of vines in terms of assimilation rates, particularly at the end of the season, without compromising yield and vigor. Moreover, GVB infection impaired phloem loading and transport, by callose deposition as a defense response mechanism, resulting in carbohydrate accumulation in leaves and expression profiles of sugar- and photosynthetic-related genes seemed to activate defense responses similar to those observed in plants infected by phytoplasmas, although with lesser extent. Interestingly, several genes (VvMybA1, VvUFGT, Vv3AT, VvF3'5'H and VvF3'H) involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, showed higher expression levels in GVB-infected berries over the ripening period reflecting the higher concentration of total anthocyanins, particularly tri-hydroxylated form and acylated anthocyanins in infected mature berries. This resulted in positive sensorial effects on the wine produced from GVB-infected 'Albarossa' berries, as attested by the overall judgment of testers. Noteworthy, GVB presence not only did not cause detrimental phenotypic effects, but it also positively affected anthocyanin profiles in the berry, thus suggesting the existence of an indirect beneficial role on wine quality and stability as well. All together, these results can contribute both to improve current understanding of the multifaceted grapevine-virus interaction in response to environmental condition and to support future approaches of sustainable viticulture
Interplays between Vitis vinifera and Grapevine virus B (GVB) in field conditions leads to ameliorate berry secondary metabolism.
Chitarra W;Cuozzo D;Palmano S;Perrone I;Boccacci P;Pagliarani C;Gribaudo I;Mannini F;Gambino G
2018
Abstract
A plant virus infection results from a complex molecular and physiological interplay with the host. In light of this, the impact of the phloem-limited virus Grapevine virus B (GVB) on the Vitis vinifera wine-red cultivar 'Albarossa' was analyzed in field conditions. Although not particularly widespread in grapevine, GVB is closely associated with the Corky bark disorder, it is generally considered harmful and it potentially affects graft unions. This study was carried out by combining agronomical, molecular, biochemical and ecophysiological approaches. The obtained data showed that GVB did not induce symptoms on 'Albarossa', but it rather affected the ecophysiological performances of vines in terms of assimilation rates, particularly at the end of the season, without compromising yield and vigor. Moreover, GVB infection impaired phloem loading and transport, by callose deposition as a defense response mechanism, resulting in carbohydrate accumulation in leaves and expression profiles of sugar- and photosynthetic-related genes seemed to activate defense responses similar to those observed in plants infected by phytoplasmas, although with lesser extent. Interestingly, several genes (VvMybA1, VvUFGT, Vv3AT, VvF3'5'H and VvF3'H) involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, showed higher expression levels in GVB-infected berries over the ripening period reflecting the higher concentration of total anthocyanins, particularly tri-hydroxylated form and acylated anthocyanins in infected mature berries. This resulted in positive sensorial effects on the wine produced from GVB-infected 'Albarossa' berries, as attested by the overall judgment of testers. Noteworthy, GVB presence not only did not cause detrimental phenotypic effects, but it also positively affected anthocyanin profiles in the berry, thus suggesting the existence of an indirect beneficial role on wine quality and stability as well. All together, these results can contribute both to improve current understanding of the multifaceted grapevine-virus interaction in response to environmental condition and to support future approaches of sustainable viticultureI documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
