Discord Harmony. The development and dynamics of the mesmerist movement at the end of the Old Regime The diffusion of animal magnetism, i.e. Franz Anton Mesmer's system of cosmologic theories and therapeutic practices, as well as its influence in France at the end of the 18th century, have been pointed out fifty years ago by Robert Darnton. This article resume the study of this phenomenon based on new sources, focusing on the composition and vicissitudes of the Society of Universal Harmony, which was established in 1783 in order to bring together Mesmer's disciples. Since Darnton, the historiography on mesmerism has concentrated on a small "radical" stream, gathered around the lawyer (and future deputy) Nicolas Bergasse, assuming that its components were the only ones who developed the political aspects and anti-institutional implications of animal magnetism. The more than 400 members who formed the majority of the Society have therefore been neglected. The analysis of the Society's documentation, which makes it possible to retrace the flow of affiliations up to early 1787, provides, on the contrary, a more complex and articulated image of the mesmerist movement, its internal conflicts and its links with the social, cultural and politic dynamics at the eve of the French Revolution.
La diffusione e l'influenza delle teorie cosmologiche e delle pratiche terapeutiche del magnetismo animale, introdotte in Francia alla fine del '700 da Franz Anton Mesmer, sono state poste in luce cinquant'anni fa da Robert Darnton. Questo articolo ne riprende lo studio sulla base di nuove fonti, soffermandosi sulla composizione e sulle vicende della Società dell'Armonia Universale, fondata nel 1783 per raccogliere i discepoli di Mesmer. Da Darnton in poi la storiografia sul mesmerismo si è concentrata su una minoritaria corrente "radicale" riunita attorno all'avvocato (e futuro deputato) Nicolas Bergasse, attribuendo solo ad essa lo sviluppo delle potenzialità politiche e della carica antistituzionale del magnetismo e lasciando sullo sfondo la massa degli oltre 400 membri della Società. Dall'analisi dei documenti di quest'ultima, che consentono di ricostruire con precisione il flusso delle affiliazioni fino agli inizi del 1787, emerge invece un'immagine più complessa e articolata del movimento mesmerista, dei suoi conflitti interni, dei suoi legami con le dinamiche sociali, culturali e politiche alla vigilia della Rivoluzione francese.
L'Armonia discorde. Sviluppo e dinamiche del movimento mesmerista alla fine dell'Antico regime
D Armando
2019
Abstract
Discord Harmony. The development and dynamics of the mesmerist movement at the end of the Old Regime The diffusion of animal magnetism, i.e. Franz Anton Mesmer's system of cosmologic theories and therapeutic practices, as well as its influence in France at the end of the 18th century, have been pointed out fifty years ago by Robert Darnton. This article resume the study of this phenomenon based on new sources, focusing on the composition and vicissitudes of the Society of Universal Harmony, which was established in 1783 in order to bring together Mesmer's disciples. Since Darnton, the historiography on mesmerism has concentrated on a small "radical" stream, gathered around the lawyer (and future deputy) Nicolas Bergasse, assuming that its components were the only ones who developed the political aspects and anti-institutional implications of animal magnetism. The more than 400 members who formed the majority of the Society have therefore been neglected. The analysis of the Society's documentation, which makes it possible to retrace the flow of affiliations up to early 1787, provides, on the contrary, a more complex and articulated image of the mesmerist movement, its internal conflicts and its links with the social, cultural and politic dynamics at the eve of the French Revolution.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.