After successfully relaunching the epigenetic theory of generation, reinterpreted in the light of Newtonian attraction and chemical affinities ("Vénus physique", 1745), Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759) deepened his theoretical investigations in the field of the genesis of organisms and species in the "Système de la Nature" (1754). In this work, in order to reconcile the scientific postulate of objectivity - which rejects the recourse to final causes - with the evident teleonomic properties of living beings, and at the same time recognizing inadequate for this purpose the mechanistic principles he advanced in the "Vénus physique", Maupertuis proposed a bold panpsychist theory of life, of Spinozian inspiration. Therefore, by postulating the matter alive, endowed with instinct and feeling, Maupertuis imagined that some form of intelligence or psychic memory, associated with matter, directed the development of living beings. In light of recent discoveries in biology, the original psychobiological determinism advanced by Maupertuis in the "Système de la Nature" appears to be a brilliant intuition of the logic of genetic and evolutionary processes.
Dopo aver rilanciato con successo la teoria epigenetica della generazione, reinterpretata alla luce dell'attrazione newtoniana e delle affinità chimiche (Vénus physique, 1745), Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759) approfondì le proprie indagini teoretiche nel campo della genesi degli organismi e delle specie nel Système de la Nature (1754). In quest'opera, al fine di conciliare il postulato di oggettività della scienza - che respinge il ricorso alle cause finali - con le evidenti proprietà teleonomiche degli esseri viventi, e riconoscendo nel contempo inadeguati a tale scopo i pur originali principii meccanicistici avanzati nella Vénus physique, Maupertuis propose un'ardita teoria panpsichista del vivente, di ispirazione spinoziana. Postulando quindi la materia viva, dotata di istinto e di sentimento, Maupertuis immaginò che una qualche forma di intelligenza o di memoria psichica, associata alla materia, dirigesse lo sviluppo dei viventi. Alla luce delle recenti scoperte della biologia, l'originale determinismo psicobiologico avanzato da Maupertuis nel Système de la Nature appare una geniale intuizione della logica dei processi genetici ed evolutivi.
The logic of life in Maupertuis: from Newtonian attraction to psychobiological determinism
Focher;Federico
2020
Abstract
After successfully relaunching the epigenetic theory of generation, reinterpreted in the light of Newtonian attraction and chemical affinities ("Vénus physique", 1745), Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759) deepened his theoretical investigations in the field of the genesis of organisms and species in the "Système de la Nature" (1754). In this work, in order to reconcile the scientific postulate of objectivity - which rejects the recourse to final causes - with the evident teleonomic properties of living beings, and at the same time recognizing inadequate for this purpose the mechanistic principles he advanced in the "Vénus physique", Maupertuis proposed a bold panpsychist theory of life, of Spinozian inspiration. Therefore, by postulating the matter alive, endowed with instinct and feeling, Maupertuis imagined that some form of intelligence or psychic memory, associated with matter, directed the development of living beings. In light of recent discoveries in biology, the original psychobiological determinism advanced by Maupertuis in the "Système de la Nature" appears to be a brilliant intuition of the logic of genetic and evolutionary processes.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.