A new gall midge, Asphondylia nepetae sp. n. Viggiani (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), causing flower gall on Clinopodiumnepeta (L.) Kuntze (Lamiaceae), is described from Europe. The morphological characteristics of adult, larvae, andpupa are described and illustrated. Molecular approach (by sequencing 28S-D2, ITS2, and COI) confirmed thatA. nepetae is a distinct species. The development of the gall is always associated with the presence of the fungusBotryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.: Fr.) Ces. and De Not. (Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae). The new speciescan complete several generations per year, on the flowers of the same host plant and its adults emerge from latespring to autumn. Pupae overwinter inside peculiar flower galls in a state of quiescence. The impact of the pestis highly variable with a percentage of flowers infested that ranged between 3 and 57.5% in the sampled years.Insect mortality was, at least in part, due to parasitoids that attack the young stages of the midge. Among them, thedominant species was Sigmophora brevicornis (Panzer) (Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae).
A New Gall Midge Species of Asphondylia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Inducing Flower Galls on Clinopodium nepeta (Lamiaceae) From Europe, its Phenology, and Associated Fungi
Bernardo U;Nugnes F;Gualtieri L;
2018
Abstract
A new gall midge, Asphondylia nepetae sp. n. Viggiani (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), causing flower gall on Clinopodiumnepeta (L.) Kuntze (Lamiaceae), is described from Europe. The morphological characteristics of adult, larvae, andpupa are described and illustrated. Molecular approach (by sequencing 28S-D2, ITS2, and COI) confirmed thatA. nepetae is a distinct species. The development of the gall is always associated with the presence of the fungusBotryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.: Fr.) Ces. and De Not. (Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae). The new speciescan complete several generations per year, on the flowers of the same host plant and its adults emerge from latespring to autumn. Pupae overwinter inside peculiar flower galls in a state of quiescence. The impact of the pestis highly variable with a percentage of flowers infested that ranged between 3 and 57.5% in the sampled years.Insect mortality was, at least in part, due to parasitoids that attack the young stages of the midge. Among them, thedominant species was Sigmophora brevicornis (Panzer) (Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae).| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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