Studies, experiences, surveys in the archaeological sites of Sardinia, strongly differentiated by age, structure, typology and territorial spread (e.g. over 8,000 nuraghi and about a thousand available for fruition), have highlighted the need to consider conservation problems through a global and integrated vision. This must includes exquisitely technological, cultural, landscape, economic and valorization aspects. Considering the focal theme of the interaction of ruined archaeological structures with water, the problems are very different both in scale and impact. The experience reached in the emblematic nuragic complex of Santu Antine, has shown how the study, understanding and restoration of groundwater regulating, operated by the "ancient architects", has allowed an effective resolution of the problem of flooding of the structure. This case also demonstrating the negative impact deriving from the conspicuous use of cement mortars in the restoring. Other cases are represented by coastal archaeological sites, constantly exposed to the decay action of the wind, rainwater and marine aerosol. The most represented construction materials (biomicritic limestones, calcarenites and sandstones) show poor durability and considerable susceptibility to water, as shown by the data here reported. The restorations carried out over time have demonstrated the ineffectiveness of consolidating and protective products applied on materials salts contaminated, as well as the poor durability of the restoration mortars. For these cases, where there is a complex interaction between decay agents and responses of archeological structures, we need a holistic and "ductile" approach, characterised by strong adaptability from the macro to the micro scale. This must include many elements that can deeply affect integrated conservative, territorial and environmental policies. This approach must also be exquisitely specific, aimed at understanding the behavior of the materials with water, with the geomorphological structures, with the environmental and microclimatic scenario. The coordination of a multiscale approach requires highly multidisciplinary research teams, but also the support of great experimental data and monitoring cases, to identify the kinetics of decay. These informations necessarily reverberates on the planning of the conservation of the archaeological sites in all its specific aspects.
L'INTERAZIONE DELL'ACQUA CON IL PATRIMONIO ARCHEOLOGICO MONUMENTALE DELLA SARDEGNA: CAUSE, EFFETTI, MATERIALI E METODI PER POSSIBILI SOLUZIONI
G Carcangiu;
2020
Abstract
Studies, experiences, surveys in the archaeological sites of Sardinia, strongly differentiated by age, structure, typology and territorial spread (e.g. over 8,000 nuraghi and about a thousand available for fruition), have highlighted the need to consider conservation problems through a global and integrated vision. This must includes exquisitely technological, cultural, landscape, economic and valorization aspects. Considering the focal theme of the interaction of ruined archaeological structures with water, the problems are very different both in scale and impact. The experience reached in the emblematic nuragic complex of Santu Antine, has shown how the study, understanding and restoration of groundwater regulating, operated by the "ancient architects", has allowed an effective resolution of the problem of flooding of the structure. This case also demonstrating the negative impact deriving from the conspicuous use of cement mortars in the restoring. Other cases are represented by coastal archaeological sites, constantly exposed to the decay action of the wind, rainwater and marine aerosol. The most represented construction materials (biomicritic limestones, calcarenites and sandstones) show poor durability and considerable susceptibility to water, as shown by the data here reported. The restorations carried out over time have demonstrated the ineffectiveness of consolidating and protective products applied on materials salts contaminated, as well as the poor durability of the restoration mortars. For these cases, where there is a complex interaction between decay agents and responses of archeological structures, we need a holistic and "ductile" approach, characterised by strong adaptability from the macro to the micro scale. This must include many elements that can deeply affect integrated conservative, territorial and environmental policies. This approach must also be exquisitely specific, aimed at understanding the behavior of the materials with water, with the geomorphological structures, with the environmental and microclimatic scenario. The coordination of a multiscale approach requires highly multidisciplinary research teams, but also the support of great experimental data and monitoring cases, to identify the kinetics of decay. These informations necessarily reverberates on the planning of the conservation of the archaeological sites in all its specific aspects.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
