Cultural heritage, meant in its broader meaning, constitutes in Italy one of the most important factor of interest for worldwide visitors. However, in the recent years, the tourism system has undergone significant changes due to the rapid transformation in society, its habits and needs, and its way of understanding travel and holidays. Visitors can organize their journey in the most appropriate manner to them and choose the destination also being guided by reviews, photos and films on the network (Cassatella, 2011; Hall, 2006; Icomos;1976, 1999). Furthermore, due to the particular pandemic period and relative restrictions, demands have become increasingly diversified, also requiring an adjustment by the supply. In Italy there are places that offer, for example, more specializations together: emblematic are the case of Pompeii in Campania (Southern Italy), characterized by both archaeological and religious tourism, well distinguished although sometimes linked in terms of visit, or the Dolomites (Northern Italy), which offer opportunities for sports, ecological, food and wine tourism etc., sometimes not connected to each other and sometimes integrated (Eurac, 2013; Martini, Buffa, 2015; Menardi, 2017; Spendiani et Al., 2013; Sepe, 2013, 2015, 2017; Sigala, 2018; Yang, Lin, 2011). In particular, UNESCO - the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - is committed to a broad commitment to humanity. "The UNESCO, established in Paris on 4 November 1946, is committed to "Building intercultural understanding also through the protection and safeguarding of sites of exceptional value and beauty listed in the World Heritage Site". There are 55 goods declared Unesco in Italy, with the new Ivrea industrial city added in 2018 and the Conegliano and Valdobbiadene Prosecco wine hills added in 2019. In order to ensure proper management over time, in 2002 UNESCO, with the Budapest Declaration, introduced the obligation of Management Plans. The adoption of such plans has become an indispensable requirement for the entry of each new Site in the World Heritage List and it is also recommended to the Sites already included in the List in order to "ensure their conservation and create the conditions for their enhancement" (Unesco, 2016) The functions of the management plans are programming and coordination with respect to the interests relating to the Sites and integrate the urban and landscape discipline of the territory. The modalities of place fruition are often oriented at both making a territory known and enhancing its value also through its products. Among the Unesco heritage foods, there are the Neapolitan Pizza, the Mediterranean Diet, the French Cuisine and Belgian Beer, but there are also quality products in Unesco sites that offer different possibilities for an integrated territorial enhancement. Still, sports such as running, Nordic walking and mountain biking are sports that approach places in an ecological way. Some sport events are linked to Unesco sites such as the Val d'Orcia Tuscany Crossing, the Unesco cities marathon or the North Face Lavaredo Ultra Trail. There are also sports that form part of the tradition of a territory and that must be preserved and enhanced as an integral part of the territory. Useful references are the 2015 International Charter for Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sport and The power of sport values, , both by UNESCO, which help to understand the interest in sport as an element of enhancement of a territory but also to protect people's health. Starting from this premises, aim of this study, carried out in the framework of the ISMed-CNR project titled "Analysis and design of the contemporary territory: identity, urban healthy and livability for resilient and sustainable places (with the author's responsibility), are: to analyse the Italian UNESCO sites and deepening those considered most emblematic from different points of view; and identify guide lines for sustainable enhancement of the Unesco brand in cultural places. The list of analysed sites includes: Cilento - il parco nazionale e il vallo di diano, paestum, velia e la certosa di padula; Tivoli - Villa Adriana; Tivoli - Villa D'Este; Genoa - the new roads and the system of the palaces of the rolls; the Dolomites; Rome - the historical city; Florence - the historical centre; Matera - i Sassi; Napoli - the historical centre; Siena - the historical centre; Alberobello - i trulli; Amalfi - la costiera amalfitana; Pompei, Ercolano e Torre Annunziata - le aree archeologiche; Caserta - la reggia, il parco, San Leucio e l'Acquedotto Vanvitelliano. Of these, the Dolomites case study will be illustrated using the original Heritage Experiential Design Method.
Cultural places: enhancing heritage by improving urban liveability in public space
Sepe Marichela
2020
Abstract
Cultural heritage, meant in its broader meaning, constitutes in Italy one of the most important factor of interest for worldwide visitors. However, in the recent years, the tourism system has undergone significant changes due to the rapid transformation in society, its habits and needs, and its way of understanding travel and holidays. Visitors can organize their journey in the most appropriate manner to them and choose the destination also being guided by reviews, photos and films on the network (Cassatella, 2011; Hall, 2006; Icomos;1976, 1999). Furthermore, due to the particular pandemic period and relative restrictions, demands have become increasingly diversified, also requiring an adjustment by the supply. In Italy there are places that offer, for example, more specializations together: emblematic are the case of Pompeii in Campania (Southern Italy), characterized by both archaeological and religious tourism, well distinguished although sometimes linked in terms of visit, or the Dolomites (Northern Italy), which offer opportunities for sports, ecological, food and wine tourism etc., sometimes not connected to each other and sometimes integrated (Eurac, 2013; Martini, Buffa, 2015; Menardi, 2017; Spendiani et Al., 2013; Sepe, 2013, 2015, 2017; Sigala, 2018; Yang, Lin, 2011). In particular, UNESCO - the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - is committed to a broad commitment to humanity. "The UNESCO, established in Paris on 4 November 1946, is committed to "Building intercultural understanding also through the protection and safeguarding of sites of exceptional value and beauty listed in the World Heritage Site". There are 55 goods declared Unesco in Italy, with the new Ivrea industrial city added in 2018 and the Conegliano and Valdobbiadene Prosecco wine hills added in 2019. In order to ensure proper management over time, in 2002 UNESCO, with the Budapest Declaration, introduced the obligation of Management Plans. The adoption of such plans has become an indispensable requirement for the entry of each new Site in the World Heritage List and it is also recommended to the Sites already included in the List in order to "ensure their conservation and create the conditions for their enhancement" (Unesco, 2016) The functions of the management plans are programming and coordination with respect to the interests relating to the Sites and integrate the urban and landscape discipline of the territory. The modalities of place fruition are often oriented at both making a territory known and enhancing its value also through its products. Among the Unesco heritage foods, there are the Neapolitan Pizza, the Mediterranean Diet, the French Cuisine and Belgian Beer, but there are also quality products in Unesco sites that offer different possibilities for an integrated territorial enhancement. Still, sports such as running, Nordic walking and mountain biking are sports that approach places in an ecological way. Some sport events are linked to Unesco sites such as the Val d'Orcia Tuscany Crossing, the Unesco cities marathon or the North Face Lavaredo Ultra Trail. There are also sports that form part of the tradition of a territory and that must be preserved and enhanced as an integral part of the territory. Useful references are the 2015 International Charter for Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sport and The power of sport values, , both by UNESCO, which help to understand the interest in sport as an element of enhancement of a territory but also to protect people's health. Starting from this premises, aim of this study, carried out in the framework of the ISMed-CNR project titled "Analysis and design of the contemporary territory: identity, urban healthy and livability for resilient and sustainable places (with the author's responsibility), are: to analyse the Italian UNESCO sites and deepening those considered most emblematic from different points of view; and identify guide lines for sustainable enhancement of the Unesco brand in cultural places. The list of analysed sites includes: Cilento - il parco nazionale e il vallo di diano, paestum, velia e la certosa di padula; Tivoli - Villa Adriana; Tivoli - Villa D'Este; Genoa - the new roads and the system of the palaces of the rolls; the Dolomites; Rome - the historical city; Florence - the historical centre; Matera - i Sassi; Napoli - the historical centre; Siena - the historical centre; Alberobello - i trulli; Amalfi - la costiera amalfitana; Pompei, Ercolano e Torre Annunziata - le aree archeologiche; Caserta - la reggia, il parco, San Leucio e l'Acquedotto Vanvitelliano. Of these, the Dolomites case study will be illustrated using the original Heritage Experiential Design Method.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
