A feasibility study on non-invasive fetal ECG to evaluate prenatal autonomic nervous system activity

Objective: To validate the use of this innovative non-invasive system to detect fetal ECG (fECG) and its ability to detect changes in electrophysiological fetal cardiac parameters associated with ANS maturation.

Background: Maturity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is of paramount importance for fetal adaptation to extrauterine life and for early neurological development. Markers of ANS maturity, such as electrophysiological heart rate parameters, are of interest as tools to determine prenatal fetal maturity. The available technology, fetal magnetocardiography is expensive and not suitable for clinical use. Detection of fetal electrocardiographic signals using traditional ECG leads on the maternal abdomen may be brought to the bedside, but is technically challenging. Our group has recently developed an innovative system consisting of a standard ECG with external leads applied on the maternal abdomen coupled with a software that extracts the fetal heart signal from the maternal noise.