"Virus infections are accompanied by massive production of viral small interfering RNAs due to the plant antiviral RNA silencing machinery. In addition, plant viruses with RNA genome infecting Arabidopsis were recently shown to trigger the production of virus-activated (va) endogenous siRNAs, that in turn drive a cis-silencing of gene expression. Our studies aimed to carry out a functional characterization of va-siRNAs in the case of crop plants infected by plant viruses having DNA genome. By NGS and bioinformatics, we have characterized small (s)RNA populations in Brassica rapa and B. napus infected by Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV), a plant pararetrovirus (double-stranded DNA genome). We found that CaMV infections were accompanied by the production of endogenous sRNA of 21- and 22-nucleotide in length, bona fide va-siRNA, from diverse protein-coding genes (CDS). A large proportion of the CDS generating va-siRNAs encode several components of the photosynthetic machinery. Accordingly, we revealed a significant down-regulation of transcripts generating va-siRNA, likely due to cis-silencing of gene expression.va-siRNAs were also found in a different plant pathosystem, i.e. Solanum lycopersicum-Tomato Leaf Curl Yellowing Sardinia Virus (TYLCSV), a plant virus with single-stranded DNA genome. Similarly to CaMV infections, some va-siRNAs in tomato explained cleavages of several mRNAs annotated as defense-related proteins and components of the photosynthetic pathway. However, in tomato functional va-siRNAs appeared to drive trans-silencing of gene expression.Accordingly to RNA virus infections, here we confirm that either CaMV or TYLCSV infections triggered va-siRNA. va-siRNAs were from the different class of genes depending on the taxonomic family to which the host belongs. Several components of the photosynthetic machinery were main targets of va-siRNAs thus revealing unifying qualitative features among plants infected from viruses of either RNA or of DNA genomes. Outputs of these data explain part of the phenotype plasticity in plants. Virus infections are accompanied by massive production of viral small interfering RNAs due to the plant antiviral RNA silencing machinery. In addition, plant viruses with RNA genome infecting Arabidopsis were recently shown to trigger the production of virus-activated (va) endogenous siRNAs, that in turn drive a cis-silencing of gene expression. Our studies aimed to carry out a functional characterization of va-siRNAs in the case of crop plants infected by plant viruses having DNA genome. By NGS and bioinformatics, we have characterized small (s)RNA populations in Brassica rapa and B. napus infected by Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV), a plant pararetrovirus (double-stranded DNA genome). We found that CaMV infections were accompanied by the production of endogenous sRNA of 21- and 22-nucleotide in length, bona fide va-siRNA, from diverse protein-coding genes (CDS). A large proportion of the CDS generating va-siRNAs encode several components of the photosynthetic machinery. Accordingly, we revealed a significant down-regulation of transcripts generating va-siRNA, likely due to cis-silencing of gene expression.va-siRNAs were also found in a different plant pathosystem, i.e. Solanum lycopersicum-Tomato Leaf Curl Yellowing Sardinia Virus (TYLCSV), a plant virus with single-stranded DNA genome. Similarly to CaMV infections, some va-siRNAs in tomato explained cleavages of several mRNAs annotated as defense-related proteins and components of the photosynthetic pathway. However, in tomato functional va-siRNAs appeared to drive trans-silencing of gene expression.Accordingly to RNA virus infections, here we confirm that either CaMV or TYLCSV infections triggered va-siRNA. va-siRNAs were from the different class of genes depending on the taxonomic family to which the host belongs. Several components of the photosynthetic machinery were main targets of va-siRNAs thus revealing unifying qualitative features among plants infected from viruses of either RNA or of DNA genomes. Outputs of these data explain part of the phenotype plasticity in plants. "
Characterization of plant endogenous va-siRNAs in CaMV and TYLCSV infections reveals silencing of the photosynthetic machinery as unifying feature
Pantaleo V;Leonetti P;Chiumenti M;Miozzi L;
2019
Abstract
"Virus infections are accompanied by massive production of viral small interfering RNAs due to the plant antiviral RNA silencing machinery. In addition, plant viruses with RNA genome infecting Arabidopsis were recently shown to trigger the production of virus-activated (va) endogenous siRNAs, that in turn drive a cis-silencing of gene expression. Our studies aimed to carry out a functional characterization of va-siRNAs in the case of crop plants infected by plant viruses having DNA genome. By NGS and bioinformatics, we have characterized small (s)RNA populations in Brassica rapa and B. napus infected by Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV), a plant pararetrovirus (double-stranded DNA genome). We found that CaMV infections were accompanied by the production of endogenous sRNA of 21- and 22-nucleotide in length, bona fide va-siRNA, from diverse protein-coding genes (CDS). A large proportion of the CDS generating va-siRNAs encode several components of the photosynthetic machinery. Accordingly, we revealed a significant down-regulation of transcripts generating va-siRNA, likely due to cis-silencing of gene expression.va-siRNAs were also found in a different plant pathosystem, i.e. Solanum lycopersicum-Tomato Leaf Curl Yellowing Sardinia Virus (TYLCSV), a plant virus with single-stranded DNA genome. Similarly to CaMV infections, some va-siRNAs in tomato explained cleavages of several mRNAs annotated as defense-related proteins and components of the photosynthetic pathway. However, in tomato functional va-siRNAs appeared to drive trans-silencing of gene expression.Accordingly to RNA virus infections, here we confirm that either CaMV or TYLCSV infections triggered va-siRNA. va-siRNAs were from the different class of genes depending on the taxonomic family to which the host belongs. Several components of the photosynthetic machinery were main targets of va-siRNAs thus revealing unifying qualitative features among plants infected from viruses of either RNA or of DNA genomes. Outputs of these data explain part of the phenotype plasticity in plants. Virus infections are accompanied by massive production of viral small interfering RNAs due to the plant antiviral RNA silencing machinery. In addition, plant viruses with RNA genome infecting Arabidopsis were recently shown to trigger the production of virus-activated (va) endogenous siRNAs, that in turn drive a cis-silencing of gene expression. Our studies aimed to carry out a functional characterization of va-siRNAs in the case of crop plants infected by plant viruses having DNA genome. By NGS and bioinformatics, we have characterized small (s)RNA populations in Brassica rapa and B. napus infected by Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV), a plant pararetrovirus (double-stranded DNA genome). We found that CaMV infections were accompanied by the production of endogenous sRNA of 21- and 22-nucleotide in length, bona fide va-siRNA, from diverse protein-coding genes (CDS). A large proportion of the CDS generating va-siRNAs encode several components of the photosynthetic machinery. Accordingly, we revealed a significant down-regulation of transcripts generating va-siRNA, likely due to cis-silencing of gene expression.va-siRNAs were also found in a different plant pathosystem, i.e. Solanum lycopersicum-Tomato Leaf Curl Yellowing Sardinia Virus (TYLCSV), a plant virus with single-stranded DNA genome. Similarly to CaMV infections, some va-siRNAs in tomato explained cleavages of several mRNAs annotated as defense-related proteins and components of the photosynthetic pathway. However, in tomato functional va-siRNAs appeared to drive trans-silencing of gene expression.Accordingly to RNA virus infections, here we confirm that either CaMV or TYLCSV infections triggered va-siRNA. va-siRNAs were from the different class of genes depending on the taxonomic family to which the host belongs. Several components of the photosynthetic machinery were main targets of va-siRNAs thus revealing unifying qualitative features among plants infected from viruses of either RNA or of DNA genomes. Outputs of these data explain part of the phenotype plasticity in plants. "I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
