Surgery for Obesity and Weight-Related Diseases Changes the Inflammatory Profile in Women with Severe Obesity: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Introduction/Purpose Obesity increases significantly every year worldwide. Since 1980, the prevalence of individuals withobesity has practically doubled. Obesity plays an important role in the pathophysiology of diseases that arise from a complexinteraction of nutritional, genetic, and metabolic factors, characterizing a chronic inflammatory state. This study aimed toverify the systemic inflammatory response through the analysis of IGF-1, IL-23, and resistin levels and the lipid profile inseverely obese women undergoing surgery for obesity and weight-related diseases.Materials and Methods This randomized controlled clinical trial includes female patients clinically diagnosed with severeobesity with an indication for bariatric surgery.Results In the initial evaluation, no significant difference was observed between the control (CG) and bariatric surgery (BSG)groups. The weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, total non-HDL cholesterol,and glucose in BSG patients showed a significant change after surgery. Pre- and post-surgery levels of resistin, IGF-1, andIL-23 showed a significant difference in the BSG group, but only IL-23 was changed after 6 months in the CG.Conclusion The results of this study confirmed that weight loss induced by surgery for obesity and weight-related diseasesimproved the lipid profile and reduced the chronic inflammatory status in women with severe obesity.