Investigation of the influence of plasma treatment of flax fiber fabrics on the mechanical properties of polypropylene-based composites

Composites represent the evolution of the material science and technologies. They are obtained by combining two or more materials of different nature with the aim of exploiting any synergies between the characteristic performances of the raw materials. Their properties, in fact, are influenced by those of the starting components but also by the quality of the interface generated between the combined phases as well as by their mutual distribution. The interphase, even if of minimal extension with respect to the main phases constituting the composite, plays a significant role in the control of the damage mechanisms, determines the breaking strength and the stress / deformation behavior of composite materials. In this work we study the effect of low pressure plasma treatment on intrinsically hydrophilic flax fiber fabrics to improve their adhesion to a hydrophobic polypropylene matrix. The fibers are treated using nitrogen (N2) plasma with four different exposure times. The interfacial adhesion actually achieved was indirectly quantified by interlaminar shear strength measurements. After this, the damaged areas were measured with non-destructive techniques, i.e. Electron Speckle Pattern Interferometry and Lock-in thermography.