Cassava is an important food security crop in tropical regions of the world. Cassava improvement by breeding is limited by its delayed and poor production of flowers, such that cassava flowering under field conditions indirectly lengthens the breeding cycle. By studying genotype and environment interaction under two Nigerian field conditions (Ubiaja and Ibadan) and three controlled temperature conditions (22°C/18°C, 28/24°C and 34/30°C (day/night)), we found that while early flowering genotypes flowered at similar times and rates under all growing conditions (unfavorable and favorable field and controlled-temperature environments), late flowering genotypes were environmentally sensitive such that they were substantially delayed in unfavorable environments. Flowering times of late genotypes approached the flowering time of early flowering genotypes under relatively cool Ubiaja field conditions and in growth chambers at 22°C, whereas warmer temperatures elicited a delaying effect. Analysis of field and controlled temperature transcriptomes in leaves revealed that conditions that promote early flowering in cassava have low expression of the flowering repressor gene TEMPRANILLO 1 (TEM1), before and after flowering, among others. Field transcriptomes showed that the balance between flower promoting and inhibitory signaling, appeared to correlate with flowering time across the environments and genotypes.
La manioca è un'importante coltura per la sicurezza alimentare nelle regioni tropicali del mondo. Il miglioramento della manioca attraverso la riproduzione è limitato dalla sua produzione ritardata e scarsa di fiori, in modo tale che la fioritura della manioca in condizioni di campo allunga indirettamente il ciclo di riproduzione. Studiando l'interazione tra genotipo e ambiente in due condizioni di campo nigeriane (Ubiaja e Ibadan) e tre condizioni di temperatura controllata (22 ° C / 18 ° C, 28/24 ° C e 34/30 ° C (giorno / notte)), abbiamo trovato che mentre i genotipi a fioritura precoce fiorivano a tempi e velocità simili in tutte le condizioni di crescita (campo sfavorevole e favorevole e ambienti a temperatura controllata), i genotipi a fioritura tardiva erano sensibili dal punto di vista ambientale in modo tale da essere sostanzialmente ritardati in ambienti sfavorevoli. I tempi di fioritura dei genotipi tardivi si avvicinavano al tempo di fioritura dei genotipi a fioritura precoce in condizioni di campo di Ubiaja relativamente fresche e in camere di crescita a 22 ° C, mentre le temperature più calde hanno suscitato un effetto ritardante. L'analisi dei trascrittomi di campo ea temperatura controllata nelle foglie ha rivelato che le condizioni che promuovono la fioritura precoce nella manioca hanno una bassa espressione del gene repressore della fioritura TEMPRANILLO 1 (TEM1), prima e dopo la fioritura, tra gli altri. I trascrittomi di campo hanno mostrato che l'equilibrio tra la promozione dei fiori e la segnalazione inibitoria sembrava essere correlato al tempo di fioritura negli ambienti e nei genotipi.
Environmental responsiveness of flowering time in cassava genotypes and associated transcriptome changes
Gisel;Andreas;Stavolone;Livia;
2021
Abstract
Cassava is an important food security crop in tropical regions of the world. Cassava improvement by breeding is limited by its delayed and poor production of flowers, such that cassava flowering under field conditions indirectly lengthens the breeding cycle. By studying genotype and environment interaction under two Nigerian field conditions (Ubiaja and Ibadan) and three controlled temperature conditions (22°C/18°C, 28/24°C and 34/30°C (day/night)), we found that while early flowering genotypes flowered at similar times and rates under all growing conditions (unfavorable and favorable field and controlled-temperature environments), late flowering genotypes were environmentally sensitive such that they were substantially delayed in unfavorable environments. Flowering times of late genotypes approached the flowering time of early flowering genotypes under relatively cool Ubiaja field conditions and in growth chambers at 22°C, whereas warmer temperatures elicited a delaying effect. Analysis of field and controlled temperature transcriptomes in leaves revealed that conditions that promote early flowering in cassava have low expression of the flowering repressor gene TEMPRANILLO 1 (TEM1), before and after flowering, among others. Field transcriptomes showed that the balance between flower promoting and inhibitory signaling, appeared to correlate with flowering time across the environments and genotypes.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.