Microgravity-induced bone loss is a major concern for space travelers. Ground-based microgravity simulators are crucialto study the effect of microgravity exposure on biological systems and to address the limitations posed by restricted accessto real space. In this work, for the first time, we adopt a multidisciplinary approach to characterize the morphological,biochemical, and molecular changes underlying the response of human bone marrow stromal cells to long-term simulatedmicrogravity exposure during osteogenic differentiation. Our results show that osteogenic differentiation is reduced whileenergy metabolism is promoted. We found novel proteins were dysregulated under simulated microgravity, including CSC1-like protein, involved in the mechanotransduction of pressure signals, and PTPN11, SLC44A1 and MME which are involvedin osteoblast differentiation pathways and which may become the focus of future translational projects. The investigationof cell proteome highlighted how simulated microgravity affects a relatively low number of proteins compared to time and/or osteogenic factors and has allowed us to reconstruct a hypothetical pipeline for cell response to simulated microgravity.Further investigation focused on the application of nanomaterials may help to increase understanding of how to treat orminimize the effects of microgravity.

Long-term osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells in simulated microgravity: novel proteins sighted

Barbara Pascucci;Giuseppina Rea
;
Livia Visai
;
2022

Abstract

Microgravity-induced bone loss is a major concern for space travelers. Ground-based microgravity simulators are crucialto study the effect of microgravity exposure on biological systems and to address the limitations posed by restricted accessto real space. In this work, for the first time, we adopt a multidisciplinary approach to characterize the morphological,biochemical, and molecular changes underlying the response of human bone marrow stromal cells to long-term simulatedmicrogravity exposure during osteogenic differentiation. Our results show that osteogenic differentiation is reduced whileenergy metabolism is promoted. We found novel proteins were dysregulated under simulated microgravity, including CSC1-like protein, involved in the mechanotransduction of pressure signals, and PTPN11, SLC44A1 and MME which are involvedin osteoblast differentiation pathways and which may become the focus of future translational projects. The investigationof cell proteome highlighted how simulated microgravity affects a relatively low number of proteins compared to time and/or osteogenic factors and has allowed us to reconstruct a hypothetical pipeline for cell response to simulated microgravity.Further investigation focused on the application of nanomaterials may help to increase understanding of how to treat orminimize the effects of microgravity.
2022
Istituto di Cristallografia - IC
simulated microgravity
Human primary cells
Osteogenic biomarkers
Cytoskeleton
Bone extracellular matrix
Bioimaging
Secondary osteoporosis
Proteomics
Data-independent acquisition
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14243/419771
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