Response assessment to venetoclax in relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia by ultrasonography

[Extract] The 2018 International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (IWCLL) criteria suggested ultrasonography (US) as imaging technique to evaluate visceral involvement and palpation to evaluate superficial lymph nodes (SupLNs). Generally, CT scans are not recommended for initial work up and response evaluation outside the context of clinical trials, and potentially harmful [1]. Recently, ultrasonography machines equipped with high resolution linear probes, besides being more precise over palpation to assess metastatic SupLN [2,3], may detect echo-poor lymph nodes (LNs) down to 3 mm in size and lymphnode (LN) vessels of about 4–5 mm [4]. US features of normal and diseased SupLNs have been published