It is almost 10 years since the discovery of Xylella fastidiosa in the southern part of the region of Apulia (southern Italy) [1]. The rapid spread of the infections and the large territory interested by the epidemics, urged for the adoption of containment strategies in place of the eradication measures. In the frame of these strategies a breakthrough is represented by the discovery of traits of resistance in the cvs Leccino and FS17. Replanting olive groves with resistant cultivars is of fundamental importance to restore the landscape and the agriculture of the devastated area. Investigations on the mechanisms governing the resistance phenomena in olives, showed that, for example in Leccino, resistance appears to develop from a complex of mechanisms, involving both genomic and physiological basis that keep the bacterium population lower than in the highly susceptible cultivars such as Cellina di Nardò or Ogliarola salentina or other susceptible cultivars. Extensive or targeted gene expression studies indicated that Leccino senses the bacterium by cell wall receptors and manages to contain the induced drought stress by modulating genes involved in the sugar metabolism and water flux across membranes [2,3]. Moreover, the bacterium spread trough the xylem network is likely enhanced in the susceptible Cellina di Nardò because of its facilitated exploitations of pit membranes interconnecting xylem vessels. These studies show that Leccino is more resilient to the infection, whose physiological response to the water stress is not as extreme as in susceptible cultivars. In addition, recent genomic investigations on spontaneous seedlings or cross-bred progenies derived from Leccino, support the evidence that the genetic traits of resistance can be transferred from resistant parentals to the progenies and pave the way to widening the olive germplasm resistant to Xylella. [1]Saponari M. et al., 2019. Phytopathology, 109, 175-186. [2]Giampetruzzi A. et al., 2016. BMC Genomics, 17:475 [3]Sabella E. et al., 2019. Scientific Reports, 9:9602
Genomic and physiological basis of resistance to Xylella fastidiosa in olive
Saldarelli P;Giampetruzzi A;D'Attoma G;La Notte P;Boscia D;De Stradis A;Saponari;
2022
Abstract
It is almost 10 years since the discovery of Xylella fastidiosa in the southern part of the region of Apulia (southern Italy) [1]. The rapid spread of the infections and the large territory interested by the epidemics, urged for the adoption of containment strategies in place of the eradication measures. In the frame of these strategies a breakthrough is represented by the discovery of traits of resistance in the cvs Leccino and FS17. Replanting olive groves with resistant cultivars is of fundamental importance to restore the landscape and the agriculture of the devastated area. Investigations on the mechanisms governing the resistance phenomena in olives, showed that, for example in Leccino, resistance appears to develop from a complex of mechanisms, involving both genomic and physiological basis that keep the bacterium population lower than in the highly susceptible cultivars such as Cellina di Nardò or Ogliarola salentina or other susceptible cultivars. Extensive or targeted gene expression studies indicated that Leccino senses the bacterium by cell wall receptors and manages to contain the induced drought stress by modulating genes involved in the sugar metabolism and water flux across membranes [2,3]. Moreover, the bacterium spread trough the xylem network is likely enhanced in the susceptible Cellina di Nardò because of its facilitated exploitations of pit membranes interconnecting xylem vessels. These studies show that Leccino is more resilient to the infection, whose physiological response to the water stress is not as extreme as in susceptible cultivars. In addition, recent genomic investigations on spontaneous seedlings or cross-bred progenies derived from Leccino, support the evidence that the genetic traits of resistance can be transferred from resistant parentals to the progenies and pave the way to widening the olive germplasm resistant to Xylella. [1]Saponari M. et al., 2019. Phytopathology, 109, 175-186. [2]Giampetruzzi A. et al., 2016. BMC Genomics, 17:475 [3]Sabella E. et al., 2019. Scientific Reports, 9:9602I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
