The exposure to self-DNA (conspecific) [1], inhibits root growth and seed germination in plants in a concentration dependent manner. Such findings provide a basis for autotoxicity [2] among the mechanisms of plant-soil negative feedback. The inhibitory effect of self-DNA was later extended to organisms of other taxonomic groups [3-5]. To shed light on the mechanisms underlying the response to self- and nonself-DNA in plants, it was recently analyzed the effect through transcriptomic and metabolomics analyses in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana [6,7]. The results highlighted that plants are able to discriminate self- and nonself-DNA particularly, nonself-DNA is capable to enter root tissues and cells, while self-DNA remains outside the cells [6]. Transcriptomics revealed that the most notable biological feature was the cell cycle arrest [6]. In contrast, nonself-DNA activates hypersensitive response putatively evolving into systemic acquired resistance. Metabolomics profiling showed a progressive increase in the RNA constituents and nucleotide-based compounds only in self-DNA treatments [7] that could be the consequence of the general reduction of genes expression [7]. Differently, the reported uptake of nonself-DNA and its metabolic handling [6] implies a reuse of RNA building blocks, which consequently can be expected to show no accumulation in the cells. These findings open new frontiers for the development of highly selective and innovative biotechnological strategies based on the production of self-DNA fragments to cope with pathogens in the perspective of a sustainable crop production with the aim to reduce or completely remove chemical pesticides, fertilizers, and insecticides [8,9] . In our lab we have translated this approach on tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig) to evaluate the early response of to self- and nonself-DNA in term of transcriptomic, metabolomics and (moreover) epigenetic modifications. Hopefully, we will increase knowledge on the phenomenon and possibly find some practical application in the process of growing this important crop. References [1]S. Mazzoleni, G. Bonanomi, G. Incerti, M.L. Chiusano, P. Termolino, A. Mingo, M. Senatore, F. Giannino, F. Cartenì, M. Rietkerk, V. Lanzotti, Inhibitory and toxic effects of extracellular self-DNA in litter: a mechanism for negative plant-soil feedbacks?, New Phytol. 205 (2015) 1195-1210. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13121. [2]S. Mazzoleni, G. Bonanomi, F. Giannino, G. Incerti, S.C. Dekker, M. Rietkerk, Modelling the effects of litter decomposition on tree diversity patterns, Ecol. Modell. 221 (2010) 2784-2792. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.08.007. [3]E. Palomba, P. Chiaiese, P. Termolino, R. Paparo, E. Filippone, S. Mazzoleni, M.L. Chiusano, Effects of Extracellular Self- and Nonself-DNA on the Freshwater Microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and on the Marine Microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana, Plants. 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11111436. [4]S. Mazzoleni, F. Cartenì, G. Bonanomi, M. Senatore, P. Termolino, F. Giannino, G. Incerti, M. Rietkerk, V. Lanzotti, M.L. Chiusano, Inhibitory effects of extracellular self-DNA: a general biological process?, New Phytol. 206 (2015) 127-132. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13306. [5]M. Germoglio, A. Adamo, G. Incerti, F. Cartenì, S. Gigliotti, A. Storlazzi, S. Mazzoleni, Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in Caenorhabditis elegans., Biology (Basel). 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11020262. [6]M.L. Chiusano, G. Incerti, C. Colantuono, P. Termolino, E. Palomba, F. Monticolo, G. Benvenuto, A. Foscari, A. Esposito, L. Marti, G. de Lorenzo, I. Vega-Muñoz, M. Heil, F. Carteni, G. Bonanomi, S. Mazzoleni, Arabidopsis thaliana Response to Extracellular DNA: Self Versus Nonself Exposure., Plants (Basel, Switzerland). 10 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081744. [7]V. Lanzotti, L. Grauso, A. Mangoni, P. Termolino, E. Palomba, A. Anzano, G. Incerti, S. Mazzoleni, Metabolomics and molecular networking analyses in Arabidopsis thaliana show that extracellular self-DNA affects nucleoside/nucleotide cycles with accumulation of cAMP, cGMP and N6-methyl-AMP., Phytochemistry. 204 (2022) 113453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113453. [8]L.M. Serrano-Jamaica, E. Villordo-Pineda, M.M. González-Chavira, R.G. Guevara-González, G. Medina-Ramos, Effect of Fragmented DNA From Plant Pathogens on the Protection Against Wilt and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L. Plants, Front. Plant Sci. 11 (2021) 2043. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.581891. [9]I.A. Carbajal-Valenzuela, G. Medina-Ramos, L.H. Caicedo-Lopez, A. Jiménez-Hernández, A.E. Ortega-Torres, L.M. Contreras-Medina, I. Torres-Pacheco, R.G. Guevara-González, Extracellular DNA: Insight of a Signal Molecule in Crop Protection, Biology (Basel). 10 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10101022.
IV Convegno AISSA#under40, Fisciano 12-13 luglio 2023 Agraria, DIFARMA, Università degli Studi di Salerno
Emanuela Palomba;Federica Consiglio;Rosa Paparo;Pasquale Termolino
2023
Abstract
The exposure to self-DNA (conspecific) [1], inhibits root growth and seed germination in plants in a concentration dependent manner. Such findings provide a basis for autotoxicity [2] among the mechanisms of plant-soil negative feedback. The inhibitory effect of self-DNA was later extended to organisms of other taxonomic groups [3-5]. To shed light on the mechanisms underlying the response to self- and nonself-DNA in plants, it was recently analyzed the effect through transcriptomic and metabolomics analyses in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana [6,7]. The results highlighted that plants are able to discriminate self- and nonself-DNA particularly, nonself-DNA is capable to enter root tissues and cells, while self-DNA remains outside the cells [6]. Transcriptomics revealed that the most notable biological feature was the cell cycle arrest [6]. In contrast, nonself-DNA activates hypersensitive response putatively evolving into systemic acquired resistance. Metabolomics profiling showed a progressive increase in the RNA constituents and nucleotide-based compounds only in self-DNA treatments [7] that could be the consequence of the general reduction of genes expression [7]. Differently, the reported uptake of nonself-DNA and its metabolic handling [6] implies a reuse of RNA building blocks, which consequently can be expected to show no accumulation in the cells. These findings open new frontiers for the development of highly selective and innovative biotechnological strategies based on the production of self-DNA fragments to cope with pathogens in the perspective of a sustainable crop production with the aim to reduce or completely remove chemical pesticides, fertilizers, and insecticides [8,9] . In our lab we have translated this approach on tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig) to evaluate the early response of to self- and nonself-DNA in term of transcriptomic, metabolomics and (moreover) epigenetic modifications. Hopefully, we will increase knowledge on the phenomenon and possibly find some practical application in the process of growing this important crop. References [1]S. Mazzoleni, G. Bonanomi, G. Incerti, M.L. Chiusano, P. Termolino, A. Mingo, M. Senatore, F. Giannino, F. Cartenì, M. Rietkerk, V. Lanzotti, Inhibitory and toxic effects of extracellular self-DNA in litter: a mechanism for negative plant-soil feedbacks?, New Phytol. 205 (2015) 1195-1210. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13121. [2]S. Mazzoleni, G. Bonanomi, F. Giannino, G. Incerti, S.C. Dekker, M. Rietkerk, Modelling the effects of litter decomposition on tree diversity patterns, Ecol. Modell. 221 (2010) 2784-2792. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.08.007. [3]E. Palomba, P. Chiaiese, P. Termolino, R. Paparo, E. Filippone, S. Mazzoleni, M.L. Chiusano, Effects of Extracellular Self- and Nonself-DNA on the Freshwater Microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and on the Marine Microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana, Plants. 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11111436. [4]S. Mazzoleni, F. Cartenì, G. Bonanomi, M. Senatore, P. Termolino, F. Giannino, G. Incerti, M. Rietkerk, V. Lanzotti, M.L. Chiusano, Inhibitory effects of extracellular self-DNA: a general biological process?, New Phytol. 206 (2015) 127-132. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13306. [5]M. Germoglio, A. Adamo, G. Incerti, F. Cartenì, S. Gigliotti, A. Storlazzi, S. Mazzoleni, Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in Caenorhabditis elegans., Biology (Basel). 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11020262. [6]M.L. Chiusano, G. Incerti, C. Colantuono, P. Termolino, E. Palomba, F. Monticolo, G. Benvenuto, A. Foscari, A. Esposito, L. Marti, G. de Lorenzo, I. Vega-Muñoz, M. Heil, F. Carteni, G. Bonanomi, S. Mazzoleni, Arabidopsis thaliana Response to Extracellular DNA: Self Versus Nonself Exposure., Plants (Basel, Switzerland). 10 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081744. [7]V. Lanzotti, L. Grauso, A. Mangoni, P. Termolino, E. Palomba, A. Anzano, G. Incerti, S. Mazzoleni, Metabolomics and molecular networking analyses in Arabidopsis thaliana show that extracellular self-DNA affects nucleoside/nucleotide cycles with accumulation of cAMP, cGMP and N6-methyl-AMP., Phytochemistry. 204 (2022) 113453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113453. [8]L.M. Serrano-Jamaica, E. Villordo-Pineda, M.M. González-Chavira, R.G. Guevara-González, G. Medina-Ramos, Effect of Fragmented DNA From Plant Pathogens on the Protection Against Wilt and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L. Plants, Front. Plant Sci. 11 (2021) 2043. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.581891. [9]I.A. Carbajal-Valenzuela, G. Medina-Ramos, L.H. Caicedo-Lopez, A. Jiménez-Hernández, A.E. Ortega-Torres, L.M. Contreras-Medina, I. Torres-Pacheco, R.G. Guevara-González, Extracellular DNA: Insight of a Signal Molecule in Crop Protection, Biology (Basel). 10 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10101022.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
