Design and Simulation of Methanol and Dimethyl Ether (DME) Production from Biomass-Derived Syngas

The synthesis of methanol and dimethyl ether (DME) through the hydrogenation of CO2-enriched syngas derived from biomass gasification represents a promising approach to mitigate global warming and to reduce dependence on non-renewable crude oil sources. This study aims to comprehensive assess one-step DME synthesis, focusing on key performance indicators such as molar feed ratios, carbon oxides (COx) conversions, and product yield. Using Aspen Plus simulation software, this research delves into the diverse compositional spectrum of CO2-enriched syngas feedstocks generated from biomass gasification. The evaluation process spans a broad parameter space, considering factors like reaction temperature (ranging from 200°C to 300°C), reaction pressure (varying between 30 and 80 bar), and molar feed ratios of H2/CO, H2/CO2, CO/CO2. An H2/COx=3 ratio strikes a delicate balance between large H2 partial pressure, boosting the reaction (thermodynamically and kinetically), and reduced H2 excess. The thermodynamic and kinetic analysis reveal a negative CO2 conversion. Within the investigated range of operating conditions, 50 bar pressure and 220 °C temperature provided the highest yields and CO conversion.