Spatial prioritization using orchids as target species

Prioritization of sites in which to expand protected areas (PAs) to limit biodiversity loss is a crucial challenge in national and international politics. Italy, thanks to its environmental heterogeneity and biological richness, can serve as a model for broader generalizations in biological conservation. This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework for prioritizing biodiversity conservation sites using orchids as target species. Utilizing a combination of biological, ecological and spatial indicators, we assess the conservation importance of 2x2km cells in sustaining diverse ecosystems. The prioritization model considers factors such as species richness, phylogenetic diversity, functional diversity and endemic taxa occurrences. By integrating georeferenced data and eco-evolutionary information, this approach ensures a holistic and sustainable approach to protect and enhance the natural heritage.The outcomes of this research will guide conservation efforts, enabling targeted strategies to safeguard Italy's unique biodiversity