Cow Bone Waste use as a catalyst for pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomasses

The massive demand for conventional fuels and growing concerns about greenhouse gas emissions have turned the scientific community towards the exploitation of renewable energy sources [1]. It has become crucial and demanding to replace fossil energy with renewable energy in order to avoid environmental problems. Biomass is a promising renewable energy source, due to its high diversity of sources, and huge quantities around the world [2]. Lignocellulosic biomass valorization is the most used as source of renewable energy through pyrolysis. In terms of fuels quality, the co-pyrolysis is a simple and effective pathway to produce high quality pyrolysis products [3]. The lignocellulosic waste is rich with organic fraction, in this purpose their co-pyrolysis with ash fraction rich biomass is a good alternative for efficient pyrolytic products. Cow Bone Waste contain an alkaline earth material oxide and other non-metals [4,5]. The bone waste is rich with phosphorous and calcium which make them as a very active and