Rheological softening of metal nanocontacts sheared under oscillatory strains

The way metal interfaces evolve during frictional sliding and how that evolution can be externally influenced under external drivers are important questions, which are difficult to investigate experimentally because the contacts themselves are generally difficult to access. Here we focus on an elementary constituent of a general metal-metal interface, namely, an ultrathin individual nanocontact, where recent rheological studies of crystalline gold nanocontacts [Nature (London) 569, 393 (2019)10.1038/s41586-019-1178-3] showed a dramatic and unexpected mechanical softening as a result of external oscillatory tensile stress. The question which we address through realistic nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations is to what extent such mechanical softening might influence the shearing habit of gold nanocontacts at room temperature. It is found that the shearing evolution, which occurs through a series of discrete slips, is indeed rheologically softened, even though not completely, by the oscillations. Differences also emerge for different types of external oscillation, tensile or rotational. The relevance of these results for future experiments will be discussed.