In the framework of the PATOS regional project (Atmospheric Particulate in TOScana), a PM10 sampling campaign was carried out in the municipality of Capannori (LU), to study aerosol composition and which are its main sources; with this information, the local authorities can plan the correct mitigation strategies. The area is the only one in the region where PM10 exceeds the limit value of 50 g/m3 for more than 35 days a year. PM10 samples were collected on daily basis (from midnight to midnight (for about one year) every even day by using a FAI Hydra Dual sampler (lowvolume 2.3m3 /h, EN 12341) that is equipped with two inlets to collect the PM10 on 47mm diameter Teflon and quartz fibre filters simultaneously; therefore, it is possible the application of different analytical techniques (IC, ICP-AES, PIXE, thermo-optical analysis). In addition, samples were collected in the same site and in another village in the same area with the Streaker hourly sampler which allows the analysis of the elements with hourly resolution and with the EC/OC SUNSET field sampler with a resolution of two hours. The high number of samples then made it possible to use the PMF (Positive Matrix Factorization) multivariate statistical analysis method for the identification and quantification of the sources. Despite the presence of a significant number of industries (in particular paper mills) the dominating contribution is by far given by the biomass combustion for domestic heating, both on an annual basis and (even more) in the days in which PM10 mass is above the limit of 50 g/m3 (> 50%, fig.1). The updated emission inventory data produced by the Regional Centre for the Protection of Air Quality (ARPAT) confirmed these results. In the municipalities of the Lucca plain the main source of primary PM10 is biomass heating (84%), while the traffic source represents 9%; in Tuscany, on average, the percentage contribution of these two main sources is 73% and 9%, respectively. Comparison with a similar campaign carried out in 2006 shows how the concentration of PM10 has decreased over the years, but the percentage contribution of biomass combustion has remained unchanged. Finally, the study of the weather conditions of the Lucca plain area over a long period shows how the critical period for the onset of accumulation phenomena is concentrated between the end of November and February. In particular, the analysis of the mixing layer height (Hmix) showed a marked anticorrelation between the concentration levels of PM10 and the values of Hmix. The Hmix forecasts, together with those of precipitation, are used as part of the PM10 containment measures, to estimate the criticality index ICQA (Criticality Index for Air Quality).
Identification of PM10 sources in a high polluted site in Central Italy through the application of the PMF receptor model to daily and hourly data and the emission inventory
Calastrini F.;
2022
Abstract
In the framework of the PATOS regional project (Atmospheric Particulate in TOScana), a PM10 sampling campaign was carried out in the municipality of Capannori (LU), to study aerosol composition and which are its main sources; with this information, the local authorities can plan the correct mitigation strategies. The area is the only one in the region where PM10 exceeds the limit value of 50 g/m3 for more than 35 days a year. PM10 samples were collected on daily basis (from midnight to midnight (for about one year) every even day by using a FAI Hydra Dual sampler (lowvolume 2.3m3 /h, EN 12341) that is equipped with two inlets to collect the PM10 on 47mm diameter Teflon and quartz fibre filters simultaneously; therefore, it is possible the application of different analytical techniques (IC, ICP-AES, PIXE, thermo-optical analysis). In addition, samples were collected in the same site and in another village in the same area with the Streaker hourly sampler which allows the analysis of the elements with hourly resolution and with the EC/OC SUNSET field sampler with a resolution of two hours. The high number of samples then made it possible to use the PMF (Positive Matrix Factorization) multivariate statistical analysis method for the identification and quantification of the sources. Despite the presence of a significant number of industries (in particular paper mills) the dominating contribution is by far given by the biomass combustion for domestic heating, both on an annual basis and (even more) in the days in which PM10 mass is above the limit of 50 g/m3 (> 50%, fig.1). The updated emission inventory data produced by the Regional Centre for the Protection of Air Quality (ARPAT) confirmed these results. In the municipalities of the Lucca plain the main source of primary PM10 is biomass heating (84%), while the traffic source represents 9%; in Tuscany, on average, the percentage contribution of these two main sources is 73% and 9%, respectively. Comparison with a similar campaign carried out in 2006 shows how the concentration of PM10 has decreased over the years, but the percentage contribution of biomass combustion has remained unchanged. Finally, the study of the weather conditions of the Lucca plain area over a long period shows how the critical period for the onset of accumulation phenomena is concentrated between the end of November and February. In particular, the analysis of the mixing layer height (Hmix) showed a marked anticorrelation between the concentration levels of PM10 and the values of Hmix. The Hmix forecasts, together with those of precipitation, are used as part of the PM10 containment measures, to estimate the criticality index ICQA (Criticality Index for Air Quality).I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
