The Italian Contribution to the Foundation of the International Society of Soil Science

This chapter focuses on the events leading to the establishment of the International Society of Soil Science (ISSS) during the Fourth International Conference of Pedology in Rome on 19 May 1924, in the headquarters of the International Agriculture Institute, then housed in the prestigious Villa Lubin. It highlights the support of major soil scientists, the historical context, and the preceding international conferences. The chapter particularly emphasizes Italy’s contribution to organizing the IV Conference of Pedology and the scientific input of Italian scientists. It also discusses the scientific content of the conference and its implications at both international and Italian levels. primary source of information for this historical account is the conference proceedings authored by Renato Perotti (1879–1953), the secretary general of the conference, and published by the International Institute of Agriculture (IIA) in Rome. Additional sources are also referenced within the chapter to provide a complete view of the subject matter. To gain a comprehensive understanding of why Rome was selected as the venue for the Fourth International Conference of Pedology, as well as the symbolic importance of establishing the ISSS at the Villa Lubin in Rome, it is crucial to provide a brief historical context concerning the IIA and its visionary figure, David Lubin (1849–1919). Lubin strongly advocated for the preservation of soil fertility and the stabilization of international markets as crucial elements in supporting agricultural production. He played a pivotal role in inspiring and promoting the Institute.