Nanocrystal Nucleation and Growth in Basaltic Glass: Implications for Mechanical Properties and Crystallization Pathways

This study investigates the nucleation and growth of nanometric crystals within basaltic glass to understand their impact on the mechanical properties of the host medium. Our findings reveal that the evolution of the crystalline mass is far more complex than previously anticipated. Samples subjected to different thermal treatments—single ramp heating versus double-step annealing—exhibited dramatically enhanced toughness. These variations underscore the critical role of crystallization pathways in defining the mechanical performance of the material. Using advanced characterization techniques, including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), we analyzed the interplay between nanocrystals, gas bubbles, and cracks within the remelted volcanic rock samples. Our results have implications for understanding the rheological evolution of volcanic systems during eruptions and for optimizing industrial processes in glass ceramics. This work sheds light on how nanocrystal formation and growth can significantly modify both natural and engineered materials.