How to treat BRAF mutant metastatic melanoma?

Melanoma is a malignant tumour arising from melanocytes and is the most aggressive type of skin cancer. In advanced disease standard treatments are largely ineffective. About 40% of cutaneous melanomas carry BRAF mutations—more common in younger patients—and these are linked to more aggressive behaviour and a higher risk of brain metastasis. Over the past decade, targeted therapies (TT) using BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAFi, MEKi), along with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), have significantly improved response rates and survival in metastatic melanoma.