Integrating tunable LED-induced plant responses with novel solar cell technologies for energy-efficient agrivoltaic systems

The increasing demand for sustainable food production requires innovative solutionsthat balance productivity, resource efficiency, and environmental impact. Verticalfarming systems (VFSs) offer a promising approach; however, their high energy con-sumption remains challenging. Here, we explore the potential of integrating advancedphotovoltaic technologies such as dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells to powerenergy-efficient LED illumination systems in agrivoltaics. The optimization of LEDspectral “recipes” to enhance plant growth and nutritional quality is introduced.Coordinated research bridging materials science, photobiology, and photophysics,along with targeted urban planning and policy support, can enable VFSs and agrivol-taics to enhance resilience in high-density urban areas