Study and enhancement of the heritage value of a fortified settlement along the Limes Arabicus. Umm ar-Rasas (Amman, Jordan) between remote sensing analysis, photogrammetry and laser scanner surveys

The Limes Arabicus provides an excellent opportunity to experiment with historical remote sensing data in identifying and mapping fortified centres along the eastern frontier of the Roman and Byzantine Empires. Remote sensing, combined with modern surveying techniques and tools such as photogrammetry and laser scanners, enables the identification, documentation, and study of ancient settlements. It also facilitates the development of site valorisation programmes, including the design of real and virtual routes for better use of archaeological areas. This is a preliminary contribution to the site of Umm ar-Rasas (Amman, Jordan), a fortified town located to the east of the Via Traiana Nova. The paper discusses investigations conducted between 2021 and 2022. During this period, a series of analyses and elaborations were carried out on historical and recent satellite data, including Corona KH-4B, Hexagon KH-9, Pléiades-1A, and Pléiades Neo 4, as well as field research. The purpose was to document aerially recognized emergencies and to survey and locate them from the ground. Moreover, a photogrammetric and laser scanner survey of the castrum has been conducted in recent years.