Teoria e metodo. Lo studio delle relazioni uomo-natura e l’analisi delle risorse attraverso alcuni casi di studio lucani

+is paper proposes a theoretical framework for analysing the transformation of ancient landscapes, based on interpretative macro-themes and criteria for the hierarchical classification of archaeological sites, developed through large-scale surface surveys. A model is presented that highlights the role of natural components, in particular dominant plant communities, and an operational approach is illustrated that divides the territory into Landscape Areas (ADP) and Landscape Units (UDP), defined by homogeneous environmental attributes. +e case study discusses the example of Anglona-Pandosìa, in the chora of Herakleia in Basilicata. +e analysis is based on a theoretical model that identifies as central elements the main areas functional to the supply of resources, called Exploitation Basins (BS) and Productive Environmental Units (UAP), i.e. environmental areas in which agricultural and pastoral activities essential for subsistence were carried out, in relation to the location of ancient settlements.