Since the early 1980's, the coordination of agronomic techniques and inputs has been termed Integrated Weed Management System, and is the most advanced method for weed control. To set up an efficacious Integrated Weed Management System it is not sufficient to understand the effect of each individual technique on the weeds, but rather how to combine them at cropping system level. It is a medium-long term strategy where agronomic techniques are integrated with chemical weed control to reduce the amounts applied, treatment frequency and repeated use of the same molecules, in order to achieve sustainable management. To make the weed control practice more sustainable, the agronomic technique must essentially involve the reduction of chemical inputs and setting up of mitigation measures. The aim is therefore to lower the stock of seeds in the soil, encourage emergences in the field in the inter-crop periods, discourage weed growth after emergence and reduce their competitivity with the crop. The environmental compatibility of the weed control technique does not just depend on what is done within the cultivated field, but also includes tactics that involve the agricultural biotope as a whole, and particularly the field margins. One of the most successful of these is surely the practice of inserting buffer strips.
L'insieme coordinato di tecnica agronomica e mezzi di controllo viene definito dall'inizio degli anni '80 Integrated Weed Management System e rappresenta il metodo più avanzato per la gestione delle popolazioni di malerbe. Per mettere in atto un efficace Integrated Weed Management System non basta conoscere l'influenza sulle malerbe di ogni singola tecnica ma anche saper combinare le diverse conoscenze a livello di sistema colturale. Il diserbo chimico deve essere integrato in una strategia di medio-lungo periodo dove la tecnica agronomica ha la funzione di renderne sostenibile la gestione, riducendo le quantità applicate, la frequenza di utilizzo e l'uso ripetuto delle stesse molecole. Per rendere più sostenibile la pratica del diserbo, la tecnica agronomica può operare essenzialmente nella riduzione degli input e nella messa in atto di misure di mitigazione. Per limitare gli input chimici si deve puntare a ridurre lo stock di semi nel terreno, favorire le emergenze in campo nei periodi di intercoltura, sfavorire l'insediamento delle malerbe dopo l'emergenza e diminuire la loro competizione nei confronti della coltura. La compatibilità ambientale della tecnologia diserbo si gioca non solo a livello di azioni all'interno del campo coltivato, ma anche con accorgimenti che interessano il biotopo agricolo nel suo complesso ed in particolare i margini dei campi. Tra questi accorgimenti l'inserimento delle fasce tampone è sicuramente la pratica di maggiore interesse.
Il ruolo della gestione agronomica nella lotta alle malerbe
Otto S;
2007
Abstract
Since the early 1980's, the coordination of agronomic techniques and inputs has been termed Integrated Weed Management System, and is the most advanced method for weed control. To set up an efficacious Integrated Weed Management System it is not sufficient to understand the effect of each individual technique on the weeds, but rather how to combine them at cropping system level. It is a medium-long term strategy where agronomic techniques are integrated with chemical weed control to reduce the amounts applied, treatment frequency and repeated use of the same molecules, in order to achieve sustainable management. To make the weed control practice more sustainable, the agronomic technique must essentially involve the reduction of chemical inputs and setting up of mitigation measures. The aim is therefore to lower the stock of seeds in the soil, encourage emergences in the field in the inter-crop periods, discourage weed growth after emergence and reduce their competitivity with the crop. The environmental compatibility of the weed control technique does not just depend on what is done within the cultivated field, but also includes tactics that involve the agricultural biotope as a whole, and particularly the field margins. One of the most successful of these is surely the practice of inserting buffer strips.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.