Characterization of archeological oak (Quercus sp.) with mid and near infrared spectroscopy

Archeological wood, as most of natural materials, is slowly decomposing on the archeological site due to various biological factors. In a consequence of such degradation significant changes within physical, mechanical and chemical properties are occurring. Rapid and accurate estimation of the degradation level is extremely important as it influences the selection of optimal restoration and conservation procedures. The goal of this research was to verify the usefulness of infrared (FT-ATR and FT-NIR) techniques for monitoring of the ageing process in archeological wood. The important advantage of the infrared spectroscopy is its accuracy, simplicity, and ability of performing very high number of tests without needs of any destruction to the workpiece. The methods explored in this research might be a novel tool assisting experts in evaluation of the degradation state of archeological and historical wooden materials. Examples of infrared application in to qualitative and quantitative evaluation have been presented. By linking both infrared techniques with novel signal processing methods it is possible to improve the knowledge and interpretation of spectra.