Electrochemical sensing methods: a brief review

Electroanalytical methods are often seen as an effective tool to Study chemical and biological systems. This chapter gives an overview of the most common electrochemical sensing techniques, their basic working principles and their typical configurations, paying a brief look to some more recent developments. Due to the huge extension of the subject and to the very large amount of the possible applications, what is given here is a synthesized review of the most general families of methods regarding aqueous solutions, together with a few particular application examples. In the most recent developments, the combination of electroanalytical techniques with different sensing methods, and the usage of signal processing techniques for pattern recognition applied to the electroanalytical data series, emerged in the scientific literature, as pointed out in the text.