Persian walnut (Juglans regia) is a widely spread tree species in Italy which is under strong human impact because the economic importance of high quality timber and edible nut. In order to limit the genetic erosion of walnut resources and to develop proper conservation, it is necessary to characterize the living germplasm and to identify ecotypes adapted to diverse pedoclimatic conditions. Integrated studies of molecular markers (ISSR) and morphological plus biochemical traits of the fruit (morphology, tocopherol and total protein content, quantitative and qualitative composition of oil) were used to search some putative ecotypes of J. regia in the Campania and Abruzzo region . Totally 284 J. regia genotypes were sampled in seven districts, Montella, Cervinara, Fisciano in Campania and Sulmona , Pescasseroli, Villetta Barrea, Civitella Alfedena in Abruzzo and compared with 80 samples of 4 Italian model-varieties (Bleggiana, Feltrina, Sorrento, Malizia). ISSR markers (134) discriminated 2 main clusters, northern and southern model-varieties. Sulmona and Villetta Barrea genotypes were grouped and showed a oblong shape of fruits. Montella and Pescasseroli collections were well differentiated with an intermediate genetic pattern, between southern and northern model-varieties. We detected the highest level of linoleic acid in Montella district and small fruits, with the biggest total protein content and abundant amount of linolenic acid in Pescasseroli. An inverse relationship has been proved between the level of the unsaturated fatty acids and the temperature: an increase of the amount of unsaturated fatty acids is provoked by decreasing temperature in order to maintain the constant fluidity of the membranes. Since Montella plants comes from a Apennine Valley and Pescasseroli from the National Park of Abruzzo (1200 m. at s.l.), these results may indicate a chilling and freezing resistant character respectively. Thus, Montella and Pescasseroli are two potential ecotypes which should be further tested and validate.
Characterization of italian ecotypes of J. regia identified by molecular and biochemical markers
Pollegioni P;Mapelli S;
2004
Abstract
Persian walnut (Juglans regia) is a widely spread tree species in Italy which is under strong human impact because the economic importance of high quality timber and edible nut. In order to limit the genetic erosion of walnut resources and to develop proper conservation, it is necessary to characterize the living germplasm and to identify ecotypes adapted to diverse pedoclimatic conditions. Integrated studies of molecular markers (ISSR) and morphological plus biochemical traits of the fruit (morphology, tocopherol and total protein content, quantitative and qualitative composition of oil) were used to search some putative ecotypes of J. regia in the Campania and Abruzzo region . Totally 284 J. regia genotypes were sampled in seven districts, Montella, Cervinara, Fisciano in Campania and Sulmona , Pescasseroli, Villetta Barrea, Civitella Alfedena in Abruzzo and compared with 80 samples of 4 Italian model-varieties (Bleggiana, Feltrina, Sorrento, Malizia). ISSR markers (134) discriminated 2 main clusters, northern and southern model-varieties. Sulmona and Villetta Barrea genotypes were grouped and showed a oblong shape of fruits. Montella and Pescasseroli collections were well differentiated with an intermediate genetic pattern, between southern and northern model-varieties. We detected the highest level of linoleic acid in Montella district and small fruits, with the biggest total protein content and abundant amount of linolenic acid in Pescasseroli. An inverse relationship has been proved between the level of the unsaturated fatty acids and the temperature: an increase of the amount of unsaturated fatty acids is provoked by decreasing temperature in order to maintain the constant fluidity of the membranes. Since Montella plants comes from a Apennine Valley and Pescasseroli from the National Park of Abruzzo (1200 m. at s.l.), these results may indicate a chilling and freezing resistant character respectively. Thus, Montella and Pescasseroli are two potential ecotypes which should be further tested and validate.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
