The wild species of Triticeae represent a natural source of variation for the genetic improvement of cultivated wheats. In the interspecifìc hybridization and genetic transfer programmes, the morphophysiological evaluation of variability may be supported by a more direct study of the genomes using biochemical markers. The study of enzymatic systerms and seed storage proteins enables to overcome difficulties associated with environmental factors and genetic inhibition which may occur in the polyploids. Such biochemical markers enable the presence of segments or whole "alien" added chromosomes to be found out and give useful information about ·the homoelogy degree among the chromosomes of the crossed species. Using O'Mara's procedure, six out of seven durum wheat-Dasypyrum villoswn (L.) Candargy addition lines were obtained. These lines, which were at first classified on the basis of morphological and physiological traits were subsequently characterized by C-banding technique and biochemical markers. The presence of chromosomal abnormalities in the two addition lines supposed to be homoelogous to the wheat groups 5 and 7 was pointed out. For the direct production of the above lines and the last missing one related to the homoelogous group I, the BC2 generation of durum wheat x D. villosum were electrophoretically analysed for the y- and ?-gliadine components of seed storage proteins and for the isozymes aromatic alcohol dehydrogenasc-1 (AADH-1) and superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2). Such biochemical characters are codified by single genes located on the chromosomes of the wheat homocologous groups 1 (Gli-1), 5 (Aadh-1) and 7 (Sod-2), respectively. The plant showing a specific electrophoretic pattern were crossed with Creso and in thc BC3 generations further electrophoretic analysis together with cytological ones made it possible to isolate and characterize the three desired addition lines.
Use of biochemical markers in the isolation and characterization of Triticum turgidum (L.)-Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy chromosome addition lines.
URBANO M
1988
Abstract
The wild species of Triticeae represent a natural source of variation for the genetic improvement of cultivated wheats. In the interspecifìc hybridization and genetic transfer programmes, the morphophysiological evaluation of variability may be supported by a more direct study of the genomes using biochemical markers. The study of enzymatic systerms and seed storage proteins enables to overcome difficulties associated with environmental factors and genetic inhibition which may occur in the polyploids. Such biochemical markers enable the presence of segments or whole "alien" added chromosomes to be found out and give useful information about ·the homoelogy degree among the chromosomes of the crossed species. Using O'Mara's procedure, six out of seven durum wheat-Dasypyrum villoswn (L.) Candargy addition lines were obtained. These lines, which were at first classified on the basis of morphological and physiological traits were subsequently characterized by C-banding technique and biochemical markers. The presence of chromosomal abnormalities in the two addition lines supposed to be homoelogous to the wheat groups 5 and 7 was pointed out. For the direct production of the above lines and the last missing one related to the homoelogous group I, the BC2 generation of durum wheat x D. villosum were electrophoretically analysed for the y- and ?-gliadine components of seed storage proteins and for the isozymes aromatic alcohol dehydrogenasc-1 (AADH-1) and superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2). Such biochemical characters are codified by single genes located on the chromosomes of the wheat homocologous groups 1 (Gli-1), 5 (Aadh-1) and 7 (Sod-2), respectively. The plant showing a specific electrophoretic pattern were crossed with Creso and in thc BC3 generations further electrophoretic analysis together with cytological ones made it possible to isolate and characterize the three desired addition lines.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
